Action - Inhibition of cell wall syntheisis

Side effects - Seizure, Nausa, vomiting, diarrhea, superinfection, Uritcaria, prutitus, anaphylaxis, Steven Johnson, erythema, Nephritis, renal tubular damage,

Contradictions- hypersensitivey reaction, Pregancy, breatstfeeding, severe renal disease,

Drug interactions- Probenecid increases penicillin efect, Tetracycline decrease the effect of penicillins, penicillins increase effect of methotrexate, Penicillins decrease the effect of oral contraceptives, Broad - Spectrum Penicillins, (Allopurinol, increases risk of rash) Penicillinase (PRP) decrase effect of live virus vaccines , carbonat3ed drinks, and cirtrus fruit juices decrease absorption of PRP

Binds to and perforate bacterial membrane leads to rapid depolarization DNA, RNA and protein synthesis inhibition lead to bacterial cell deatlh

Side effects - Headache, dizziness, insomnia, Hypo-hypertension, Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, CDI, Pain, buring with urination, Skin rash, itching, pallor, Peripheral neuropathy numbness and tingling, eosinophilic pneumonia, Nephrotozxicty, Anemia, rhabdomyolysis, Hypersensitivity

Contradictions and cautions - Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children/elderly, Eosinophilic pneumonia, GI renal or muscular disease,

Drug interaction - tobramycin, warfarin and statins

Produces free radicals inside anaerobic bacteria and protozoans leads to DNA damage and death

Side effects - CNS headache, dizziness, confusion irritability, insomnia, peripheral neuropathy, seizure , aseptic meningitis, ECG changes, blurred vision, dry mouth, metallic taste, anorexia, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, CDI, dry mouth metallic taste, bone marrow suppression, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, reddish urine, dysuria, skin rash urticaria, phlebitis at injection site, Steve Johnson syndrom, toxic epidermal necrolysis, Disulfiram like reaction

Contradictions - Pregnancy, breastfeeding, elderly, heart failure, fungal infection, hematologic gastrointestinal renal or heptatic disease,

Drug interction - Zalcitabine, disulfiram, cimetide, Warfarin, phenytoin, lithium, (impaired cyp2a6 metabolism), alcohole

Bacteriostatic effec, binds to 50s subunit interfering with protein synthesis and limites bacterial growth in high concentrations it is bacteriidal

Side effects - nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, CDI, pseudomembranous colitis, Hypersensitivity reaction, steven - johnsons, exfoliative dermatitis, injection site reactions, for vaginal admin redness burning, itching, candidiasis

contraindications/cautions - prenancy, breastfeeeding, GI or hepatic disease

interferes with peptidoglycan polymerization and ross linking inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis which leads to bacterial cell dealth

Side effects - Headache, ototoxicity, chills, fever, Prolonged QT, arrhythmias, peripheral edema, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, CDI, back pain, leukopenia, eosinophilia, Immun thrombocytopenia, neurtropenia, flushing syndrome (Vanco specfic), nephrotoxicity (telavancin), embryonic and fetal toxicity ( vanco and telavancin)

Contraindications - Prenancy, breastfeeding, neonates, elderly, hearing loss, renal disease (telavancin), Meds that prolong QT (quinidine, aminodarone), Nephrotoxic,

Drug interactions considerations - otoxic meds (furosemide, aminoglycoside, colistin, cisplatin) Dimenhydrinate (mask ototoxicity) Unfractionated heparin (contrindicated for 120 hours after admin, oritavancin

ihibit bacterial topoisomerase (DNA gyrase) stops bacterial DNA replication which leads to cell death

Side effects - headache, restlessness, dizziness, confusion, depression, nightmares, insomnia, seizure, GI disturbances, hepatotoxicity, CDI, phosensitivity, urticaria, skin rashes, hypersnesitivity, blurred vision, tinnitus, chest pain, palpitations, QT prolongation, hypotension, cartilage damage (children) - Tendonitis and tendon rupture (Achilles tendion

Contraindications- Myasthenia gravis,pregnancy/breastfeeding, children/elderly clients, seizures, stroke, cardiovascular, hepatic or renal disease

drug interactions - theophyline, warfarin, mineral supplements (iron, zinc, calcium -think antacids)

Bind to beta-lactamase enzymes in the bacteria and prevent the breakdown of beta-lactam ring in the antibiotic molecule

Bind to beta-lactamase enzymes in the bacteria and prevent the breakdown of beta lactame enzymes in the bacteria and prevent the breakdown of the beta-lactam ring in the anitbiotic molecule

Side effects - Allergic reactions , superinfections, nausea, GI upset, diarrhea, taste disturbance

Drug interaction Clavulanate increases GI side effects cholestatic hepatiis, Aminoglycoside antibiotics, oral contraceptive meds

Contraindications/cautions - hypersensitivy reactions,hepatic or renal disease, pregnancy/breastfeeding

Bind to the PBP's (protein) of gram - neggative bacteria and inhitbit cell wall formation, eventually eleiminating the bacteria

Side effects - GI distress, hypersensitivity reactions, CNS toxicity ie headaches, confusion seizures, CDI, oral/vaginal candidasis, cough, sore throat bronchospasm(aztreonam)because it is inhalations route

Contraindications - Allergy to any betalactam antibiotic, prenancy, breasteeding, severe renal disease,

Drug interactiosn - reduce serum levels of antiepileptic med valproate, Imipenem with ganciclovir and theophylline can also precipitate seizures, carbapenems with probenecid can lead to carbapenem toxicity

distrupt the synthesis peptidoglycan layer weaken bacterial cell wall cause bacterial cell death

Depends on the class - headache, dizziness, seizure, GI u[set, CDI, skin rash, injection site reactions, hypersensitivity reactions, stevenjohnson , anaphylaxis, renal failure, electrolyte abnomralities, anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia . 4/5th gen - renal failure,

Contrindications/cautions - infants <1month, elderly pregnancy/breastfeeding, anemia coagulations, GI dissease, renal disease, dialysis,

Drug interactions - Allergies to beta-lactam anitbiotics