Bovine spongiform encephalopathy, commonly known as mad cow disease, is characterized by chronic spongy (vacuolar) lesions in brain tissue without inflammatory symptoms. The pathogen is protein and has a long incubation period. Examination of pathological sections and staining of brain tissue revealed spongy lesions.

Nervousness, sensitivity, aggression, convulsions, and finally death from exhaustion

Strong import and export quarantine, prohibiting the use of bone and meat meal

Caused by type A influenza virus, it is transmitted through the respiratory tract, digestive tract and airborne media. It is more common in the cold seasons of late autumn and winter and spring. my country has classified it as a Class I animal disease.

Increased body temperature, edema of the head and face, tearing, difficulty in breathing, cyanosis of the beard and comb, drooling at the mouth, shaking of the head, and yellow-green stools

Extensive bleeding under the skin, fat, muscles, and internal organs, bleeding and ulcers in the glandular stomach and glandular gastric mucosa, and intestinal date pit-like necrosis. Subcutaneous edema and leg congestion. Bleeding from foot scales, swollen and bleeding cecal tonsils

The disease material is inoculated into the allantoic cavity of 9-11 day old chicken embryos. The molecular biology is RT-PCR. The agar expansion test and hemagglutination inhibition test can distinguish virus types and subtypes.

The immunity density must be as high as 100%, and the antibody qualification rate must be 70%. Once discovered, the affected area must be sealed off, and infected and suspected cases and related products must be culled and destroyed.

Rabies, also known as hydrophobia, initially manifests as excitement, mania, and attacks on people and animals, even their owners. In heterophagy, anatomy shows a large number of foreign bodies in the stomach. In the later stage, there is photophobia, drooling, hydrophobia, convulsions and finally paralysis and death.

Often in the pathological sections of the hippocampus horn bodies and cerebellar medulla oblongata, eosinophilic inclusions of nerve cells (endosomes, cherry red) can be seen, with obvious basophilic granules inside (cytoplasm blue-purple, interstitial pink)

Inoculate the diseased brain tissue into rabbits or mice. The animals will die and develop excitement and paralysis 1-2 days before death.

Postmortem detection of endosomes

A mosquito-borne reproductive disorder of pigs caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus of the Flaviviridae family. It manifests as abortion and stillbirth in sows. Mummy fetus. Orchitis in boars. Pigs are the main amplification host and source of infection of Japanese encephalitis virus

Natural foci of infectious diseases, mainly spread through bites of poisonous mosquitoes

Pigs are the main propagation host and source of infection, and humans, equines, pigs, cattle, and sheep are all susceptible.

It has obvious periodicity and seasonality, and is mainly popular from July to September.

The virus first infects dendritic cells, enters lymph nodes, and causes viremia

Sows have late abortions, stillbirths, and mummified fetuses. The endometrium is congested, edematous, and has a small amount of secretion; the surviving pig is a pig with neurological symptoms. Examination shows cerebral edema, meningeal and spinal cord congestion, and hypoplasia of the brain and cerebellum.

In boars, orchitis occurs after fever, one or both sides of the testicles are obviously swollen, and the testicular parenchyma is congested and bleeding.

Pathogen isolation is the most classic diagnostic method. Blood and serum are collected during the fever period, and brain tissue and body fluids are collected after death. The experimental animals are mice or suckling mice.

The most common serological diagnosis is hemagglutination inhibition test

Mosquito control, immunization

Sheep and cattle are most susceptible, with artificial culture showing bamboo-like appearance and penicillin test showing bead-like appearance.

Herbivores are the most susceptible, followed by carnivores, and sheep and cattle are the most susceptible.

Anthrax is an acute, febrile, septicemic infectious disease, with acute death as the main cause. The spleen is highly swollen, the subcutaneous serosa has hemorrhagic jelly-like infiltration, natural orifice bleeding, poor blood coagulation, and a coal-like appearance.

Bodies are highly susceptible to decay. Dissection prohibited, spread through soil

Ascoli test, which is a ring precipitation test

Ascoli test, which is a ring sedimentation test, takes peripheral blood, or takes a small piece of ear, and takes a small piece of spleen under strict protection.

Vaccination, immunity period is one year. Prevention and treatment of suspected diseases

It mainly causes reproductive disorders such as abortion and stillbirth in animals; orchitis, epididymitis, mastitis, metritis and joint swelling in male animals; abortion, infertility, inflammation of reproductive organs and fetal membranes in animals; and wave fever in humans after infection.

Brucella was identified as red cocci by Kozloff staining.

The designated testing method for international trade is complement fixation test; the statutory test for testing in my country is serum agglutination test

Brucella can be spread through various channels such as the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract and reproductive system mucous membranes, injuries and even damaged skin.

The introduction is subject to strict quarantine. The main vaccines commonly used in my country are Brucella suis s2 and sheep type 5 (m5) attenuated virus vaccine.

This disease mainly causes enteritis and sepsis, and abortion in pregnant animals.

Salmonella chicken

Salmonella swine

Cultivate on selective medium (MacConkey medium), select suspected colonies, and conduct plate agglutination test

The ancestral farm will eliminate positive animals, and the entire flock will be treated with interferons for prevention or treatment. Cured chickens should not be kept for breeding.

Overview

way for spreading

susceptible animals

Pathological changes

Prevention and control

diagnosis

Overview

symptom

diagnosis

Silver carp mainly manifests as sepsis, meningitis, arthritis, endocarditis, and tissue purulent inflammation. Respiratory tract and digestive tract are the main routes of transmission

Group C streptococci cause high morbidity, high mortality and great harm. Chronic cases include arthritis, endocarditis and tissue purulent inflammation. Lymph node abscesses caused by group E strep throat are the most common and most popular.

Pigs that die from septicemia show purple bleeding spots on the skin under the neck, abdomen and limbs: those that die acutely may have dark red blood flowing out of natural holes, poor blood coagulation, and a large amount of yellow or turbid fluid in the chest cavity. , containing yellow fibrous substance, increased pericardial fluid, obvious enlargement of the pancreas, gray-red or dark red, brittle and soft, joint cavity effusion, knocking

Smear microscopy, pathogen isolation

Vaccine prevention, antibiotic treatment

Horses, mules and other mammals are most susceptible to glanders. The clinical diagnosis is the formation of glanders nodules, ulcers and scars in the nasal cavity, throat, tracheal mucosa and skin.

Acute glanders are divided into pulmonary glanders, nasal glanders, and cutaneous glanders.

Pulmonary glanders

Rhinoceros

Cutaneous glanders

chronic type

Through allergy diagnosis, eye drops, subcutaneous injection, and eyelid intradermal injection. Commonly used eye drops

There is no vaccine, it is recommended to eliminate open or acute cases, and treatment with sulfa and oxytetracycline is necessary.

Yellow diarrhea in piglets

Piglet white diarrhea

Swine edema disease

Colibacillosis in lambs and calves

poultry

Inoculate the diseased material with MacConkey medium or blood plate medium

Biochemical experiments: Select red colonies on MacConkey's medium or β-hemolytic colonies on blood plates, and inoculate them into trisaccharide iron culture medium respectively.

Antibiotics, polyvalent vaccines

It is a zoonotic disease caused by Listeria, which mainly manifests as meningitis, septicemia, and abortion. Sick sheep with neurological symptoms often do circling movements and have stiff necks. Smear microscopy showed Gram positive and arranged in a V shape

The disease can be transmitted through the digestive tract, respiratory tract, eye conjunctiva, injured skin, contaminated water, feed, blood-sucking insects and other channels. Rats are the reservoir host of this disease

pig

cattle, sheep

rabbit

Meningeal congestion and increased cerebrospinal fluid; small necrotic spots or abscesses were seen in the liver, spleen, and myocardium. Subcutaneous yellow staining and microscopic examination showed infiltration of mononuclear cells. Separation and identification were performed on glucose agar plate or sodium nitrite agar plate. The colonies showed typical characteristics of black in the center and green around them.

Microscopic examination of the brain tissue reveals lesions such as vascular cuffs dominated by mononuclear cells and tiny purulent foci, which can be used to make preliminary judgments.

Drugs include sulfonamides, gentamicin, streptomycin, tetracycline, etc. Penicillin is ineffective