MindMap Gallery General Psychology 10. Emotions
This is an emotional mind map about Chapter 10 of General Psychology. As an important part of human psychological activities, emotions are of great significance to individual development and social adaptation.
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10. Emotions
general concept of emotions
The meaning and function of emotions
meaning of emotions
Accompaniment+evaluation
Element
(1) Subjective experience
(2) External performance
①Facial expression
② Posture and expression
③Intonation and expression
(3) Physiological arousal
autonomic nervous system
①Sympathetic nervous system
② Parasympathetic nervous system
polygraph
emotional function
1.Adapt function
2. Motivational function
Herb
Arousal levels and job performance
Inverted U-shaped curve
3. Organizational functions
Ibrahimovic
emotions and memories
4.Social function
expression
Fergus
Emotions and Politeness
Dimensions and polarization of emotions
What are emotional dimensions and polarization?
Dimensions
You can evaluate if you have dimensions
1. Dynamic
increase strength
force reduction
polarity
2. Excitability
Excited
calm
3.Intensity
powerful
weak
4. Tension
nervous
easy
emotion dimension theory
1. Three-dimensional theory
(1) Wundt
A three-dimensional theory of emotion
①Pleasant-unpleasant
②Excited-calm
③Tension-relaxation
(2) Schloberg
based on facial expressions
elliptical section
①Pleasant-unpleasant
②Attention-Reject
③Activation level
(3)Placek
inverted cone
①Strength
②Similarity
③Bipolarity
2. Four-dimensional theory
Izzard
①Happiness
② Tension
③Excitement
④Confidence
Classification of emotions
Classification of emotions
From a biological evolutionary perspective
1.Basic emotions
congenital
(1) Positive emotions
adaptive function
① Support response
②Relieve stress
③Restore resources consumed by stress
(2) Negative emotions
moderation is beneficial
2. Compound emotions
Placek
eight basic emotions
Can be subdivided according to changes in intensity
Emotional states and their classification
1. Mood
Diffuse
Persistent
2.Passion
Strong burst, short time
"Narrow consciousness" phenomenon
3. Stress
Adaptive behavioral responses to unexpected stimuli
Hans Seri
adaptation syndrome
① Mobilization stage
②Impedance stage
③Exhaustion stage
emotions and brain
Brain central mechanism of emotion
emotional neuroscience
basic human emotional system
①Approaching system
②Withdraw system
executed by independent neural circuits
1. Prefrontal cortex (PFC)
functional asymmetry
Left PFC→positive emotions
Right PFC → Negative Emotion
Research
1. Research on normal people
2. Research on patients with brain injury
3. Research on mood disorders
2. Amygdala
Recognize and generate negative feelings
especially anger
3. Hippocampus and anterior cingulate gyrus
seahorse
emotion regulation
anterior cingulum
emotional response
4.Network structure
Maintain the excitement level of the cerebral cortex and ensure that the body is awake
activation of emotions
5. Lateralization of cerebral cortex function and emotion
Accumulate left and eliminate right
Peripheral neural mechanisms of emotion
1. Emotion and autonomic nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system → Passion (adrenaline and norepinephrine)
Parasympathetic nervous system → calm
2. Emotional and somatic nervous system
Expression control
3. Emotional and secretory systems
exocrine glands
endocrine glands
Mood and arousal patterns
physiological arousal state
expression
Nonverbal forms of communication (body language)
1. Facial expression
2. Posture and expression
①Body expression
② Gestures and expressions
3. Tone, expression
sensory feedback
emotion theory
early theories of emotion
(1) James-Lange theory
peripheral theory of emotion
Emphasize that emotions are the product of autonomic nervous system activity
james
Emotions are perceptions of changes in the body
bones and muscles
Lange
Emotions are the result of visceral activity
Blood vessel
(2) Cannon-Bard theory
The center of emotion is believed to be in the thalamus of the central nervous system
Upward emotional experience
downward physiological changes
happen simultaneously
cognitive theory of emotion
(1) Arnold’s assessment-excited theory
situation-evaluation-emotion
Excitation of the cerebral cortex is the most important condition for emotional behavior
(2) Schachter-Singer’s emotion theory
expect
Also known as "cognitive-physiological integration theory"
Emotional state is the result of the integration of cognitive processes (expectations), physiological states, and environmental factors in the cerebral cortex
Emotional arousal model (a working system)
three subsystems
Core → Cognition
Corresponding experiments
(3) Lazarus’ cognitive evaluation theory
explain
Emotions are the product of the interaction between people and the environment
relation
①Initial evaluation
survival adaptation
② reviews
experience
③Reevaluation
feedback
motivation-differentiation theory of emotion
Izzard
Based on personality structure
main content
①Emotions are differentiated, and different emotions have different adaptive functions
②The status and role of emotions in the personality system
③Emotion itself is also a complex system
① Neurophysiology
②Neuromuscular/expression behavior
③Emotional experience
emotional regulation
application
Definition of emotion regulation
(1) Regulation of specific emotions
positive
negative
(2) Regulation of arousal level
high or low
(3) Regulation of emotional components
Physiological reaction
subjective experience
Expressive behavior
Characteristics of emotion regulation
1. Constancy of emotion regulation
reference target
The intensity or duration of emotional experiences and expressions
Stablize
2. Hierarchical organization of emotion regulation processes
superior loop
Lower level loop
Lower level sports series circuit
3. Individual differences and cultural differences in emotion regulation
individual wishes
cultural norms
Types of emotion regulation
source
①Internal adjustment
②External adjustment
Different characteristics of emotions
①Correction and adjustment
②Maintain adjustment
③Enhance adjustment
Reason conditioning and response conditioning
Good conditioning and bad conditioning
the process of emotion regulation
Gross
emotion regulation process model
1. Pay attention to emotional regulation in the forward process (cause regulation)
①Situation selection
②Situation correction
③Pay attention to conversion
④Cognitive changes
2. Focus on emotional regulation of responses (response regulation)
Dimensions of emotion regulation
1.Physiological regulation
systematic
2. Regulation of emotional experience
Use different strategies
3. Behavioral adjustment
4. Cognitive regulation
5. Interpersonal adjustment
Emotion Regulation Strategies
1. Avoidance and approach strategies (situation selection strategies)
2. Control and correction strategies
3. Pay attention to conversion strategies
①Distraction
②Focus
4. Cognitive reappraisal strategies
Refer to "Re-evaluation"
cognitive changes
5. Expression suppression strategy
6. Reasonable expression strategies (emotion conversion strategies)
or "reasonable expression"
Emotional regulation and physical and mental health