Sources of data collection collection

Types of data

Descriptive statistics involves the methods used to summarize and describe data.

It provides measures of central tendency, variability, correlation, and distribution.

Mean: the average value of a set of data.

Median: the middle value in a set of data when arranged in ascending or descending order.

Mode: the value that appears most frequently in a set of data.

Range: the difference between the maximum and minimum values in a set of data.

Variance: a measure of how spread out the data is from the mean.

Standard deviation: the square root of the variance, providing a measure of the average distance between each data point and the mean.

Skewness

Kurtosis

Inferential statistics involves making predictions, generalizations, or inferences about a population based on a sample of data.

It uses probability theory and hypothesis testing to draw conclusions.

Simple random sampling: each individual in the population has an equal chance of being selected.

Stratified sampling: dividing the population into groups or strata and selecting individuals from each group.

Cluster sampling: dividing the population into clusters and randomly selecting clusters to sample from.

Formulating null and alternative hypotheses.

Conducting statistical tests using sample data.

Determining the significance of the results and drawing conclusions.