MindMap Gallery Working principle and characteristics of AC motor
Summary of the working principle and characteristics of AC motors, including the structure and working principle of three-phase asynchronous motors, rated parameters of asynchronous motors, starting characteristics of three-phase asynchronous motors, etc.
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Working principle and characteristics of AC motor
Structure and working principle of three-phase asynchronous motor
Basic structure of three-phase asynchronous motor
stator
iron core
generate rotating magnetic field
Winding
Make up a motor circuit
Machine base
Bracket
rotor
generate electromagnetic torque
iron core
Winding
Rotating magnetic field of three-phase asynchronous motor
stator rotating magnetic field
The direction of the resultant magnetic field is constantly rotating in space
The direction of rotation of the rotating magnetic field
Swap any two stator winding wires
Number of poles and rotation speed of rotating magnetic field
Synchronous speed n0
Working principle of three-phase asynchronous motor
Slip rate S=n0-n/n0
Rated parameters of asynchronous motors
Stator winding connection method
Star (Y) and Triangle (🔺)
Rated parameters of three-phase asynchronous motor
Nameplate
Motor weight
model
Rated speed nN
Rated power PN
Way of working
temperature rise
Rated frequency fN
Rated circuit IN
Rated voltage UN
Non-nameplate
Rated power factor cosφN
Rated efficiencynN
Rated load torque TN
Slip ring voltage at rest and rated current of the rotor
Energy flow diagram of three-phase asynchronous motor
P1=root 3U1I1cosφ1
Torque and mechanical characteristics of three-phase asynchronous motors
Stator circuit and rotor circuit of three-phase asynchronous motor
Torque of three-phase asynchronous motor
Mechanical characteristics of three-phase asynchronous motors
inherent mechanical properties
man-made mechanical properties
When reducing the motor supply voltage
When the stator circuit is connected in series with resistance or reactance
When changing the stator power frequency
When the rotor circuit is connected in series with a resistor
Starting characteristics of three-phase asynchronous motor
Enough starting torque, the smaller the starting current the better while meeting the starting torque requirements
Starting method of cage asynchronous motor
Direct start (full pressure start)
Independent transformer power supply
Resistor or reactor step-down starting
Only suitable for no-load or light-load starting situations
Uneconomical
Y-🔺Volume start
Simple, economical, low starting current
Disadvantages: small starting torque, starting voltage cannot be adjusted according to actual needs
Autotransformer step-down start
How to start a wound asynchronous motor
Step-by-step removal of starting resistance method
Frequency sensitive rheostat starting method
Speed regulation method and characteristics of three-phase asynchronous motor
Pole-changing logarithmic speed regulation
Variable slip speed regulation
Voltage and speed regulation
Asynchronous motor voltage regulation characteristics
Losses and capacity limitations during voltage and speed regulation of asynchronous motors
Rotor circuit connected in series with resistor for speed regulation
Frequency
Variable voltage and variable frequency speed regulation
Constant voltage field weakening speed regulation
Wide speed range
Good speed regulation and smoothness
The working characteristics (static characteristics and dynamic characteristics) can reach the same level as the DC speed control system.
High economic benefits
Braking characteristics of three-phase asynchronous motors
feedback braking
Reverse braking
Power supply reverse connection
reverse brake
Energy consumption braking
Single phase asynchronous motor
Magnetic field of single-phase asynchronous motor
How to start a single-phase asynchronous motor
Capacitor split-phase asynchronous motor
Shaded pole single-phase asynchronous motor
Synchronous motor
Basic structure of synchronous motor
Working principle and characteristics of synchronous motor
Starting of synchronous motor