MindMap Gallery Medicine-Local blood circulation disorder mind map
This is a mind map about local blood circulation disorders, mainly including congestion, bleeding, Thrombosis, infarction, embolism, Edema, etc.
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Discover how Aeon can navigate the competitive online landscape with a strategic SWOT analysis. This comprehensive overview highlights Aeon’s strengths, such as its strong brand recognition, omnichannel capabilities, and customer loyalty programs, alongside its weaknesses, including digital maturity gaps and cost structure challenges. Opportunities for growth include enhancing e-commerce competitiveness and leveraging data-driven strategies, while threats from online-first players and market dynamics require attention. Explore how Aeon can strengthen its market position through innovation and customer-centric approaches in the ever-evolving retail environment.
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local blood circulation disorder
congestion
arterial congestion
reason
Physiological congestion
Pathological congestion
inflammatory hyperemia
Hyperemia after decompression
Morphological changes
Tissues and organs increase in size, become bright red in color, and increase in temperature
Dilated arterioles and capillaries can be seen under the microscope
result
venous congestion
reason
venous compression
venous lumen obstruction
heart failure
Pathological changes
To the naked eye, the organs and tissues are swollen, dark red, hardened, cyanotic, and the body temperature drops.
Microscopic venules and telangiectasia
as a result of
Congestive bleeding or edema
Congestive sclerosis
parenchymal cell atrophy
Organ congestion
chronic pulmonary congestion
Mostly caused by left heart failure
Heart failure cells contain brown-yellow hemosiderin granules
Long-term pulmonary congestion appears brown to the naked eye, that is, brown sclerosis of the lungs
chronic liver congestion
Mostly caused by right heart failure
Betel nut liver: red and yellow betel nut-like stripes on the cut surface
Microscopically, the central veins and liver sinusoids are dilated, the central lobular liver cells atrophy, disappear, degenerate and necrosis
Long-term liver congestion leads to interstitial fibrous tissue proliferation and forms congestion cirrhosis.
Bleeding
thrombosis
Conditions and mechanisms for formation
cardiovascular endothelial cell damage
DIC (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
changes in blood flow status
vortex formation
slow blood flow
increased blood coagulability
Increased platelets or clotting factors
Increased blood viscosity
Increased fibrinolytic system activity
The process and form of formation
Platelets adhere to the damaged inner wall of blood vessels to form white thrombus
Small gray-white nodules or vegetations, rough and corrugated, hard and compact
mixed thrombus
Platelets, fibrin, red blood cells and some white blood cells can be seen under the microscope
red blood clot
Dark red, brittle, easy to fall off
hyaline thrombus
Fibrin can be seen under the microscope, which is common in DIC
ending
soften, dissolve, absorb
mechanization, recanalization
Calcification
impact on the body
Blocked blood vessels Arterial ischemia, venous congestion
embolism
valvular heart disease
Bleeding
infarction
concept
Causes and conditions
Lesions and types
embolism
Operation path
Embolism in the venous system and right heart
Aortic system and left heart emboli
Portal system emboli
Cross embolism and retrograde embolism
Types and effects on the body
Thromboembolism
pulmonary embolism
90% comes from the veins of the lower limbs, and the rest comes from the pelvic veins and right heart
Embolism to small branches of pulmonary artery, small but numerous
Hemorrhagic infarction of lung tissue Pulmonary congestion
Pulmonary embolism Large emboli
systemic arterial embolism
80% of mural thrombi originate from the left heart and arterial system
Commonly found in lower limbs, brain, intestines, kidneys and spleen
When the embolized artery lacks effective collateral circulation, local tissue infarction results. Liver infarction rarely occurs.
If it occurs in the branches of coronary arteries or cerebral arteries, it often leads to serious consequences.
fat embolism
Often caused by comminuted fractures of long bones or severe fat tissue contusion
A small amount entering the blood will be engulfed by phagocytes, and some entering the pulmonary blood vessels will cause damage to pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells.
If 9~20g of fat enters the lungs, 75% of the pulmonary circulation will be embolized, leading to asphyxia or acute right heart failure.
With a diameter less than 20 microns, it can enter the left heart and reach the corresponding organs, causing corresponding damage and clinical manifestations.
gas embolism
air embolism
Trauma or surgery to the head, neck, chest wall, and lungs
During childbirth, the uterus contracts strongly
Infusion, blood transfusion, fallopian tube ventilation, etc.
Edema
Generally in the same direction as blood flow, and occasionally in the opposite direction. eventually blocking blood flow
Lobular marginal hepatocellular steatosis
most important