MindMap Gallery Medicine-vitamins mind map
This is a mind map about vitamins, fat-soluble vitamins, Water-soluble vitamins, etc.
Edited at 2023-11-27 16:51:41This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
vitamins
fat soluble vitamins
Vitamin A
Active forms: Retinol, retinaldehyde, retinoids
Deficiency causes: night blindness
Treatment: red and yellow vegetables and fruits, animal liver
biological functions
Participate in visual conduction
inhibit tumor growth
Vitamin D
Active form: 1,25-(OH)2-D3
Features: The only steroid hormone
Deficiency causes: rickets (chondrosis, osteoporosis)
biological functions
Participate in calcium and phosphorus regulation
Vitamin E
Deficiency causes: threatened abortion, habitual abortion, mild hemolytic anemia
Biological function: Promote heme synthesis
Vitamin K
biological functions
coenzyme of coagulation factor
Plays an important role in bone metabolism
water soluble vitamins (dehydrogenation)
Vitamin B1
Active form: TPP
Deficiency causes: Beriberi
Treatment: Cereals, legumes, nuts
Biological function: Participate in oxidative decarboxylation reaction
Vitamin B2
Active form: FAD, FMN
Deficiency causes: seborrheic dermatitis
Treatment: animal liver, milk, egg yolk
Vitamin PP
Category: Niacin, Niacinamide
Active forms: NAD, NADP
Taking too much niacin or nicotinamide: liver function damage, blood vessel dilation, flushing
water soluble vitamins
Participate in the metabolism of nutrients
Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5)
Active forms: CoA and ACP
It is a coenzyme of acyltransferase and participates in sugar, lipid, protein metabolism and liver biotransformation.
Biotin (vitamin B7)
It is the prosthetic group of carboxylase, participates in the fixation of CO2, and is necessary for fat and carbohydrate metabolism.
Vitamin B6
Category: Pyridoxine, Pyridoxal, Pyridoxamine
Activated forms: Pyridoxal phosphate (main transport form in blood), Pyridoxamine phosphate
biological functions: (pyridoxal phosphate)
Is a coenzyme for many enzymes
Glutalaninase
Synthesize heme
cystathionine beta synthase
Enzyme that breaks down homocysteine into cysteine
Stop steroid hormones from taking effect
Deficiency causes: hyperhomocysteinemia, hypohemechromic microcytic anemia, increased serum iron, seborrheic dermatitis
Treatment: Animal Offal
Participate in the synthesis of purines and pyrimidines
folic acid
Active form: Tetrahydrofolate (FH4)
It is a one-carbon coenzyme that participates in the synthesis of purine and pyrimidine.
Deficiency causes: hyperhomocysteinemia, megaloblastic anemia
Vitamin B12
Features: Synthesized by microorganisms, not found in plants, the only vitamin containing metals, it works in combination with intrinsic factor
It is a coenzyme of N5-CH3-FH4 and participates in the synthesis of purine and pyrimidine.
Vitamin C
biological functions
Participate in hydroxylation reaction in vivo
Participate in redox reactions in the body
Enhance body immunity
Deficiency causes: scurvy
Treatment: Fresh fruits and vegetables