Learning and Teaching Factors five elements

learning and teaching process

Help teachers understand the problem accurately

Provide scientific theoretical guidance for practical teaching

Help teachers predict and intervene with students

Help teachers conduct educational research based on actual teaching

Pestaloch → "Pioneer of Educational Psychology" "Psychologicalization of Education and Teaching" was the first to mention the "slogan"

Herbart → took psychology as the basis of educational theory and put it into practice. He was the first to clearly put forward "practice"

1868, Ushinsky → "Objects of Personnel Education", the founder of Russian educational psychology

1877, Kapterev → "Educational Psychology" The earliest work officially named "Educational Psychology"

1903, Thorndike → "Educational Psychology", the first book in the West, which was expanded into "Outline of Educational Psychology" ① Human nature ② Learning psychology ③ Individual differences and their causes

1908, Landlord Yue → Translated "Practical Psychology of Education" by Ohara Mataichi

The Development of Western Educational Psychology

The development of educational psychology in the Soviet Union

Bruner → Curriculum Reform Movement

Skinner→Teaching Reform

Rogers → "Student-centered" education reform movement

Three major sports

Brunner: proactive research, reflective research, collaborative research social and cultural research

In 1980, Pan Shu wrote "Educational Psychology"

Early 20th century → The initial establishment of the traditional content system → Represented by Thorndike's "Educational Psychology"

From the 1920s to the 1950s → the content of educational psychology expanded → multiple schools of thought coexisted and the content was complex

From the 1960s to the 1990s → the establishment of the content system of cognitive educational psychology → focusing on the combination with teaching practice, with cognitive theory taking the lead

After the 1990s → Comprehensive trend of educational psychology content system → Transformation from school opposition to school integration

Change teaching concepts, pay attention to psychological issues in both teaching and learning, and the rise of teaching psychology

Pay attention to social and psychological factors affecting education

Focus on research on various strategies and metacognition in practical teaching

Research on age characteristics, individual difference measurement and individualized teaching continues to receive attention

Experimental method Advantages: causal relationship, the most widely used and the greatest achievements, including: field experiments, laboratory experiments

Observation method The most common and basic, including: natural observation, experimental observation, "the front door of scientific research" Disadvantages: small sampling, superficiality

Survey methods have a wide range and high efficiency, including: questionnaire method, interview method, case investigation, and document analysis

The case method refers to a certain person or a group. In-depth understanding of the individual is too superficial and not applicable.

Testing Methods Individual Psychology and Behavior

Educational experience summary method promotes self-reflection of educational practitioners

Product analysis method/activity analysis method Students’ handicrafts, paintings, and compositions

Principle of objectivity, seeking truth from facts, prerequisite

Educational Principles/Ethical Principles Most Important

Developmental principles: look at students’ psychology from a dynamic perspective

The principle of integrating theory with practice

Systematic principles: treat students comprehensively