Used for measuring horizontal and vertical angles

Contains a telescope mounted on a leveling base

To determine elevations of different points

To establish reference points for construction or mapping

Optical device for sighting distant points

Adjustable focus for clarity

Supports the telescope

Equipped with leveling screws

Ensures the instrument is perfectly horizontal

Indicates tilt in the leveling base

Placing on a stable tripod

Adjusting the leveling screws

Aiming the telescope at a staff held at a point

Reading the measurement on the staff

Noting the height of the staff

Calculating differences in elevation

Mapping the terrain

Understanding landforms and features

Establishing ground levels for buildings

Ensuring proper drainage and grading

Planning infrastructure

Assessing changes in land use

Less expensive than some electronic devices

Easy to learn for beginners

Minimal training required

Applicable in various terrain types

Useful in urban, rural, and remote areas