published a whitepaper introducing ‘blockchain’, a decentralised, cryptic database where digital timestamp could not be tampered.

By Satoshi Nakamoto known as "Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System," Transactions are recorded on a public ledger called the blockchain, maintained by a network of computers that validate and confirm transactions.

First Bitcoin block mined by Satoshi Nakamoto that marks the beginning of bitcoin network and serves as foundation for all subsequent blocks.

proposed by Vitalik Buterin which aimed to expand blockchain beyond bitcoin focus on currency, introduced smart contracts and decentralized applications.

an umbrella project of open source blockchains and related tools by Linux Foundation. Created to support the collaborative development of blockchain-based distributed ledgers.

An improvement to the Bitcoin protocol, aiming to enhance privacy, efficiency, and smart contract capabilities.

Enhances network security and lays the groundwork for future upgrades, including sharding. Also it aimed to enhance the network's energy efficiency and scalability.

These developments reflect a significant shift in how central banks view digital currencies, with many recognizing their potential to enhance payment systems and financial stability.