About 2070 BC ~ about 1600 BC

Yu established the Xia Dynasty

The first dynasty in Chinese history, marking the emergence of the early country in my country

The Xia Dynasty established an army, formulated criminal laws, set up prisons, and formulated a calendar, called the "Xia Calendar"

Xia Jie implemented tyranny and was destroyed by Tang

1600 BC to 1046 BC

Pan Geng, king of Shang, moved the city to Yin and maintained relative stability since then.

King Wu defeated Zhou and the Shang Dynasty fell

1046 BC to 771 BC

King Wu of Zhou (Haojing)

Purpose

princes

Nobility

Destroyed by the Quanrong tribe

Mainly used for food, sacrifices and military aspects, etc.

copper tin lead

Clay mold making method/clay mold casting method

Rich variety, large quantity, superb production technology

Simuwu Ding, Siyang Fangzun

Oracle bone inscriptions are characters carved on tortoise shells, cattle and sheep and other animal bones.

In Anyang Yinxu, Shaanxi, Shandong and other places

Including sacrifices, war, agriculture and animal husbandry, etc.

It is the earliest and relatively complete system among the ancient texts discovered in China.

Pictogram

refer to something

Understand

phonetic

Borrow

Oracle bone inscriptions already have the basic structure of Chinese characters

Slavery transformed into feudalism and feudalism collapsed

In 770 BC, King Ping of Zhou moved the capital east from Haojing to Luoyi, and Chinese history entered the Eastern Zhou Dynasty.

The early Eastern Zhou Dynasty is called the Spring and Autumn Period (770 BC to 467 BC)

agriculture

handicraft

Business

During the Spring and Autumn Period, society was in a state of turmoil, and various systems of the Western Zhou Dynasty were destroyed during the Spring and Autumn Period.

Some vassal states set up counties and commanderies, appointed officials to manage them, and the positions were no longer hereditary, thus strengthening local control and gradually disintegrating the feudal system.

The enfeoffment system gradually collapsed.

The dominance of the Zhou royal family was greatly reduced.

The power of the vassal states rose and they each went their own way.

A state of separatism in which countries attack each other and the country is divided.

The decline of the Zhou royal family

Due to the imbalance of political and economic development, the vassal states started fierce struggles with each other for their own interests.

At that time, conflicts between ethnic groups also developed

In order to gain an advantage, some powerful princes fought in the name of "respecting the king and rejecting the barbarians" and vying for the position of hegemony. Duke Huan of Qi, Duke Wen of Jin, Duke Mu of Qin, and King Zhuang of Chu successively came to dominate and command the princes. By the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, the states of Wu (Fucha) and Yue (Goujian) on the lower reaches of the Yangtze River also moved northward to compete for hegemony.

Duke Huan of Qi

profit

Disadvantages

War without justice in Spring and Autumn Period

During the Jin Dynasty, the country was divided between the three great families of Han, Zhao and Wei.

Qi was replaced by Dafu Tian

Han Zhao Wei Chu Yan Qi Qin

The Battle of Guilin, the Battle of Maling, and the Battle of Changping

During the Warring States Period, the use of iron tools and oxen for plowing was further promoted

In 356 BC, Qin Xiaogong appointed Shang Yang to preside over the reform.

The county system was established and the monarch directly sent officials to govern.

Abolition of hereditary privileges of the nobility

Reform the household registration system and strengthen management of the people

Strictly enforce laws and prohibit private fights

Abolish the well-field system and allow free buying and selling of land

Farming, weaving and food production are encouraged, and those with a lot of cloth can be exempted from corvee

Unify weights and measures

Reward military merit, grant titles and land to those with military merit

Qin's national power was greatly enhanced, which laid the foundation for unifying the country in the future.

Li Bing, the governor of Shu County in the State of Qin, built the building on the Minjiang River near Chengdu.

It consists of two major system projects: canal head and irrigation network.

Play a multi-faceted role in flood control, irrigation and water transportation

Introduction

advocate

classic

advocate

status

Introduction

classic

advocate

educational contribution

advocate

advocate

advocate

advocate

The ideological and political views of various schools are fiercely debated and criticized. At the same time, they influence each other and learn from each other's strengths.

This prosperous situation of ideological and cultural development is known as the contention of a hundred schools of thought in history.

It promoted the prosperity of thought and scholarship and became the first peak of the development of literary thought in ancient China.