①Direct distribution channel (no middlemen) The main channel for selling goods in the producer market. Most machinery and equipment, raw materials and parts (components) and components use this method.

②Indirect distribution channel (with middlemen) Main channels for distribution of consumer goods

①Short channels-----higher-priced household appliances, personal computers, brand-name clothing, cars and other valuable commodities

②Long channels-----most daily necessities, food and beverages, ordinary clothing, standard parts

①Wide channels: The company uses many similar middlemen, and the products are widely distributed in the market. eg. General daily consumer goods (towels, toothbrushes, water bottles, etc.)

② Narrow channels: Enterprises use few similar middlemen and have narrow distribution channels. They are generally suitable for highly specialized products or expensive and durable consumer goods.

①Enterprise investment and establishment

②Purchase an existing store with full capital

③Purchase part of the equity of existing stores

④ Rental store

a. The enterprise has direct control over its self-operated stores, which facilitates operation and management, and can implement the company's marketing concepts, policies and policies in a timely and accurate manner; b. Self-operated stores face consumers directly, providing first-hand market information for the company’s decision-making; c. Self-operated chain stores can effectively display the company’s strength, improve corporate brand awareness, reputation and the company’s overall strength; d. For products that are small in size and light in weight, products that customers require to see and purchase, and products that need to be promoted through product display, self-operated store sales are a better form.

①Direct selling, direct marketing

②Vending machine

①Choose based on consumer income and purchasing power level

②Select according to the location where target customers appear.

③Choose based on customer purchasing psychology

④Select according to competitive needs

⑤Select according to sales method

①Exclusive distribution strategy

②Universal distribution strategy

③Selective distribution strategy

① Develop a scientific sales plan

② Reasonably divide sales areas

①Improve price policy

②Improving promotional policies

③Improve franchise policy

① Develop reasonable reward and punishment measures

②Establish a supervision and management system

③Reduce channel development personnel’s participation in channelized goods

④ Cultivate and improve dealer loyalty