① Aim to obtain reasonable profits as the pricing goal

② Aiming to obtain investment income as the pricing goal

③Aim to obtain maximum profit as the pricing goal

It is a direct reflection of the company's operating conditions and the competitiveness of its products.

Pricing with the goal of keeping prices relatively stable and avoiding head-on price competition

A good corporate image is an intangible asset of the company

cost

profit

taxes

It refers to setting the price of a new product as high as possible when it is launched into the market in order to maximize profits, just like skimming a layer of grease on the surface of fresh milk.

Conditions: ① There are enough buyers in the market and their demand is inelastic. Even if the price is set very high, the market demand will not decrease significantly. ②The quality of the product is consistent with the high price. ③ Still operating exclusively despite high prices, it will be difficult for competitors to enter the product market in the short term. Generally speaking, skimming pricing can be used for brand-new products, products protected by patents, products with low price elasticity of demand, popular products, and products whose future market situation is difficult to determine.

Advantages: ① Taking advantage of the huge profits generated by high prices, you can quickly recover your investment and reduce investment risks; ②At the beginning of the launch of a new product, the purchasing motivation is all about novelty and novelty. Companies set higher prices to increase product awareness and create the impression of high prices, high quality, and famous brands; ③ Set a higher price so that new products can have greater room for price adjustment after they enter the maturity stage; ④ At the beginning of new product development, using high prices can limit the excessive growth of demand, alleviate the situation of product shortage, and obtain high profits for investment and expansion of production scale.

Disadvantages: ① After all, the scale of demand for high-priced products is limited. Excessively high prices are not conducive to market development, increasing sales, or conducive to occupying and stabilizing the market; ② High prices and high profits will lead to a large influx of competitors, and the rapid emergence of imitations and substitutes, thus forcing prices to drop sharply; ③The price is much higher than the value, which damages the interests of consumers and easily leads to public opposition and consumer boycott.

It refers to taking advantage of consumers' desire for low prices in the early stages of a new product's launch and intentionally setting the price very low.

Advantages: ① New products can quickly occupy the market and have high market share; ② Low profits prevent competitors from entering and enhance the market competitiveness of enterprises; ③ Low price strategy to promote consumer demand.

Disadvantages: ① meager profits; ② Reduce the image of the company’s high-quality products.

Prerequisites: ① There is sufficient market demand. ②Consumers are highly price-sensitive rather than having strong brand preferences. ③Mass production can produce significant cost economic benefits. ④ Low price strategy can effectively attack existing and potential competitors.

Try to reduce the role of price in marketing methods and focus on other methods that are more powerful or cost-effective in the product market.

Advantages: The price is relatively stable, which can achieve the company's expected profit target without causing too fierce competition.

Disadvantages: Somewhat conservative and passive in the increasingly fierce market competition.

①Cheap

②Accurate

③Like it

④Promote sales

The special effect that price has on consumers

①Cumulative quantity discount

②One-time quantity discount