- All manuscripts (including abstract, references, and figure legends) are double-spaced and left-aligned. - Use Times New Roman 12 point font/size. - Manuscripts (including abstracts, references, figure legends, and tables) should use consecutive line numbers, page numbers, and wide margins. - Each new paragraph should be indented. - Use two carriage returns at the end of titles and paragraphs. - Do not use the lowercase letter "l" (el) for "1" (one), or "O" (oh) for "0" (zero); their typographical values ​​are different.

• Email address

• Full postal address

Manuscript

Graphical Abstracts / Highlights files (where applicable)

Supplemental files

Further considerations

potential competing interests include employment, consultancies, stock ownership, honoraria, paid expert testimony, patent applications/registrations, and grants or other funding. ).

1. A summary declaration of interest statement in the title page file (if double anonymized) or the manuscript file (if single anonymized). If there are no interests to declare then please state this: 'Declarations of interest: none'. 2. Detailed disclosures as part of a separate Declaration of Interest form, which forms part of the journal's official records. To declare, please state: "Declaration of Interests: None". 2. Detailed disclosure as part of a separate Declaration of Interests form, which forms part of the journal's official records).

Funding sources and corporate or institutional associations must be acknowledged on the title page of the submitted article.

In the cover letter accompanying the manuscript, provide the names of associations, consultancies, individual philanthropists, stock ownership, or other equity interest (e.g., patent or licensing arrangements) Names of individual philanthropists, equity or other equity interests (such as patents or licensing arrangements).

Role of the funding source

AI

Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract, a published lecture or academic thesis, see 'Multiple, redundant or concurrent publication' for more information), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, including electronically without the written consent of the copyright-holder. To verify compliance, your article may be checked by Crossref Similarity Check and other originality or duplicate checking software. (Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been previously published (other than in the form of an abstract, published talk, or scholarly paper (see "Multiple, redundant, or simultaneous publications" for more information), not considered for publication elsewhere, whose publication has been approved by all authors, and who implicitly or explicitly received the work Approval of the responsible authority at the place of publication and, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, including electronically, without the written consent of the copyright holder. Your article can pass Crossref similarity check and other originality or duplication checking software)

For studies involving or about human, animal, or eukaryotic cells, researchers should incorporate sex and gender-based analysis (SGBA) into their study design in accordance with funder/sponsor requirements and best practices in the field. Authors should mention the sex and/or gender dimensions of their research in their articles. In cases where they cannot, they should discuss this issue to limit the generalizability of their study. It is important that authors clearly state the definitions of sex and/or gender they are applying to increase the precision, rigor, and reproducibility of their research and to avoid blurring or conflation of terms and the constructs to which they refer

his roles are: Conceptualization; Data curation; Formal analysis; Funding acquisition; Investigation; Methodology; Project administration; Resources; Software; Supervision; Validation; Visualization; Roles/Writing - original draft; and Writing - review & editing. Note that not all roles may apply to every manuscript, and authors may have contributed through multiple roles

(1) the conception and design of the study, or acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data, (2) drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content, (3) final approval of the version to be submitted

Consider the order of submission by authors

The authors have received approval from the editors of both journals; the editor concerned with secondary publication must have a photocopy, reprint, or manuscript of the primary version.

The priority of the primary publication is respected by a publication interval of at least one week (unless specifically negotiated otherwise by both editors

The paper for secondary publication is intended for a different group of readers; an abbreviated version could be sufficient.

The secondary version reflects faithfully the data and interpretations of the primary version.

A footnote on the title page of the secondary version informs readers, peers, and documenting agencies that the paper has been published in whole or in part, and states the primary reference. A suitable footnote might read: "This article is based on a study first reported in [title of journal, with full reference]."

Permission for such secondary publication should be free of charge.

a cover letter, an abstract, the manuscript, and any tables, figures, and figure legends. (Revised) transmittal letter,

①Correspondence name, address, tel., fax, and e-mail addresses. ②Include a statement that the contents have not been published elsewhere and the paper is not being submitted elsewhere. Unpublished ③Also indicate that the manuscript has been read and approved by all co-authors. All authors agree ④ Specify the type of article

Typesetting order: title page, abstract (structured abstract if the work is an Original contribution only), text, acknowledgments, references, tables, illustrations, and legends for illustrations.

Arrange the text in the following order: each section starts on a new page: Abstract, Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion

Number the pages sequentially, with the title page being page 1, the (structured) abstract being page 2, etc., with the page number in the upper right corner

Divide your article into clearly defined and numbered sections. Subsections should be numbered 1.1 (then 1.1.1.1.1.2, ...), 1.2, etc. (the abstract is not included in the section number). Use this number also for internal cross-references: not just for 'text'. Any section can have a short title. Each title should appear on its own line.

Author names and affiliations. Give the first name, middle initial, and last name of all authors. If the surname may be ambiguous (e.g. double surname), please indicate clearly. List each author's highest educational qualification in parentheses. List the author's contact address (where the actual work was done) below the name. Indicate all affiliations with lowercase superscript letters after the author's name and before the appropriate address. Provide the full postal address of each branch, including country name, if available, and the email address of each author.

Running title. Provide a running title of up to 50 characters.

Disclosures. Acknowledge grants, sponsors, and funding sources that provided direct financial support to the research work contained in the manuscript.

Highlights

Abstract (<300 words)

Keywords (after abstract, ≤6)

Acknowledgments (after the main text and before references)

Funding: This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health [grant numbers xxxx, yyyy]; the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA [grant number zzzz]; and the United States Institutes of Peace [grant number aaaa].

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References (recommended DOI) (numbered in square brackets)

Supplementary material