MindMap Gallery central nervous system infectious diseases
This is a mind map about central nervous system infectious diseases, which summarizes herpes simplex virus infectious encephalitis, bacterial infectious diseases, etiology and pathogenesis, auxiliary examinations, treatment, etc.
Edited at 2023-12-20 10:50:08This Valentine's Day brand marketing handbook provides businesses with five practical models, covering everything from creating offline experiences to driving online engagement. Whether you're a shopping mall, restaurant, or online brand, you'll find a suitable strategy: each model includes clear objectives and industry-specific guidelines, helping brands transform traffic into real sales and lasting emotional connections during this romantic season.
This Valentine's Day map illustrates love through 30 romantic possibilities, from the vintage charm of "handwritten love letters" to the urban landscape of "rooftop sunsets," from the tactile experience of a "pottery workshop" to the leisurely moments of "wine tasting at a vineyard"—offering a unique sense of occasion for every couple. Whether it's cozy, experiential, or luxurious, love always finds the most fitting expression. May you all find the perfect atmosphere for your love story.
The ice hockey schedule for the Milano Cortina 2026 Winter Olympics, featuring preliminary rounds, quarterfinals, and medal matches for both men's and women's tournaments from February 5–22. All game times are listed in Eastern Standard Time (EST).
This Valentine's Day brand marketing handbook provides businesses with five practical models, covering everything from creating offline experiences to driving online engagement. Whether you're a shopping mall, restaurant, or online brand, you'll find a suitable strategy: each model includes clear objectives and industry-specific guidelines, helping brands transform traffic into real sales and lasting emotional connections during this romantic season.
This Valentine's Day map illustrates love through 30 romantic possibilities, from the vintage charm of "handwritten love letters" to the urban landscape of "rooftop sunsets," from the tactile experience of a "pottery workshop" to the leisurely moments of "wine tasting at a vineyard"—offering a unique sense of occasion for every couple. Whether it's cozy, experiential, or luxurious, love always finds the most fitting expression. May you all find the perfect atmosphere for your love story.
The ice hockey schedule for the Milano Cortina 2026 Winter Olympics, featuring preliminary rounds, quarterfinals, and medal matches for both men's and women's tournaments from February 5–22. All game times are listed in Eastern Standard Time (EST).
central nervous system infectious diseases
Overview
normal value
Cerebrospinal hydraulic pressure (100-180mmH2o)
WBC white blood cells (0.01-0.09X10^9)
Protein (0.15-0.45g/l)
Sugar(2.5-4.4)
Chloride(120-130)
Herpes simplex virus infectious encephalitis
Overview
Herpes simplex encephalitis (acute necrotizing encephalitis)
Characteristics (brain hemorrhage and necrosis)
Caused by HSV infection
invade the brain
Temporal lobe
frontal lobe
limbic system
Cause/pathogenesis
herpes simplex virus
Two serum forms
HSV1
latent trigeminal ganglion
More common in adults
HSV2
latent sacral ganglion
More common in newborns
spread
Sexual contact/droplet transmission
pathology
Brain tissue edema/softening/hemorrhage/necrosis
most characteristic change
Nerve/glial cells visible
eosinophilic inclusion bodies
Contains herpes virus particles and antigens
clinical manifestations
It can affect all ages (how long does it take for adults over 40 years old)
May present with headache and vomiting/changes in consciousness and personality/hemiplegia/hemianopia/ataxia
Some patients
Have a history of cold sores/genital tract infections
With generalized epileptic seizures
most patients
impaired consciousness
Cerebral herniation may occur in severe cases
Auxiliary inspection
elevated protein
Glucose chloride normal
Elevated lymphocytes
Positive virus-specific antibodies
EEG shows damage to frontotemporal region
treat
antiviral drugs
Acyclovir
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
bacterial infectious diseases
purulent meningitis
Overview
Purulent bacterial infection → meningeal inflammation
Hair-prone children/infants
Cause/pathogenesis
Pneumococci are common
meningococci
Bacteria invade the subarachnoid space and multiply
pathology
Pathological changes
leptomeningitis
meningeal vascular congestion
Inflammatory cell infiltration
clinical manifestations
symptoms of infection
Fever/chills/upper respiratory tract infection
meningeal irritation
Neck stiffness
Kriging sign
Brudzinski sign
★Meningeal irritation signs are not obvious in newborns/elderly people
increased intracranial pressure
Severe headache/vomiting/disorder of consciousness
focal symptoms
hemiplegia
Aphasia
complication
Subdural effusion (vascular permeability during inflammation ↑ plasma enters the subdural space)
Auxiliary inspection
White blood cells↑
cerebrospinal fluid
turbid
Protein ↑ Sugar ↓
Chloride↓
tuberculous meningitis ★Has parenchymal brain damage
Brief description
Mycobacterium tuberculosis → non-suppurative inflammation of the meninges/meninges
More common in type 2 pulmonary tuberculosis
Blood type disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis (acute chestnut tuberculosis)
Cause/pathogenesis
bacilli spread through blood
subleptomeningeal implants
Tuberculous nodules → rupture → a large number of tuberculosis bacteria enter the subarachnoid space → tuberculous meningitis
clinical manifestations
Tuberculosis poisoning symptoms
Low-grade fever/night sweats/malaise
Early days
Personality Mental state changes
Middle stage (meningeal irritation stage)
Meningeal irritation/increased intracranial pressure
Early → Fever/vomiting/meningeal irritation
Late stage→arachnoid/choroidal adhesions
Complete/incomplete obstructive hydrocephalus
Significant increase in intracranial pressure →vomiting/papiledema
Cranial nerve damage (caused by inflammatory exudation of the skull base stimulating adhesion and compression) → adhesion caused by excessive protein
Oculomotor nerve involvement
Outreach
optic nerve
Facial nerve (most serious)
Performance
vision loss
Facial nerve palsy
parenchymal brain damage
listless
Delusion
epilepsy
Late stage (coma stage)
coma convulsion
Diagnosis and differential diagnosis
Auxiliary inspection
Acid-fast Mycobacterium tuberculosis in cerebrospinal fluid confirms diagnosis
Protein ↑ Glucose ↓ Chloride ↓
Early cells are mainly white blood cells and mainly lymphocytes
treat
Drug name
Isoniazid TNH (H)
RifampicinRFP(R)
Pyrazinamide PZA(Z)
Ethambutol EMB(E)
Not for use in tuberculous meningitis
Can't pass the blood-brain barrier
Streptomycin(S)
increased intracranial pressure
Mannitol
Cryptococcal meningitis
Brief description
Opportunistic pathogens
Fruit/milk/feces
clinical manifestations
Auxiliary inspection
cerebrospinal fluid examination
Protein ↑ Glucose ↓ Chloride ↓
Mainly elevated lymphocytes
Film degree exam
diagnosis
Detection of Cryptococcus by Ink Staining of Cerebrospinal Fluid
treat
Guangli Antifungal Drugs
fluconazole
Replenish
Tuberculous meningitis (HRZS)
Isoniazid Rifampicin Pyrazinamide Streptomycin
Tuberculosis (HRZE)
Isoniazid Rifampicin Pyrazinamide Ethambutol
Replenish
(Suppurative meningitis) Bacterial glycolysis→sugar/chloride↓
Cloudy appearance
Increased protein
Virus → Sugar/Chloride Normal
Protein ↑ (virus comes with its own protein)
Clear appearance
tuberculous meningitis
Protein↑
Sugar/Chloride↓
Replenish
Temporal lobe
processing hearing
frontal lobe
voluntary body movements
marginal leaves
Hippocampus - memory
splanchnic nerves
associated with various mental illnesses