MindMap Gallery 813 Software Engineering-Requirements Analysis
Used for the postgraduate entrance examination 813 Software Engineering or the final series of knowledge points. In order to develop software products that truly meet user needs, we must first know the user needs. A deep understanding of software requirements is the key to successful software development efforts.
Edited at 2023-06-14 16:15:23Explore the intricate lineage of the Crown Royal Family Tree, showcasing the House of Windsor and its notable members. From Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip's legacy to their childrenKing Charles III, Princess Anne, Prince Andrew, and Prince Edwarddiscover the marriages and offspring that shape the modern monarchy. Notable branches include the heir apparent, Prince William, and his brother, Prince Harry, alongside their families. Delve into Prince Philip's roots in the House of Glücksburg, connecting British royalty to Denmark and Greece. Join us in tracing this remarkable royal heritage!
This is a panoramic infographic—currently sweeping across the web—illustrating the comprehensive applications of OpenClaw, a popular open-source AI agent platform. It systematically introduces this intelligent agent framework—affectionately dubbed "Lobster Farming"—helping readers quickly grasp its core value, technical features, application scenarios, and security protocols. It serves as an excellent introductory guide and practical manual.
這是一張最近風靡全網關於熱門開源AI代理平台OpenClaw的全網應用全景圖解。它系統性地介紹了這款被稱為「養龍蝦」的智慧體框架,幫助讀者快速理解其核心價值、技術特性、應用場景及安全規範,是一份極佳的入門指南與實操手冊。此圖主要針對希望利用AI建構自動化工作流程的技術從業人員、中小企業主及效率追求者,透過9大模組層層遞進,全面剖析了OpenClaw從概念到落地的整個過程。 圖中核心內容首先釐清了「養龍蝦」指涉的是OpenClawd開源智能體,並強調其本質是「AI基建」而非一般聊天機器人。隨後詳細比較其與傳統AI助理的區別,擁有記憶管理、權限控制、會話隔離和異常恢復四大基礎能力,支援跨平台存取和多模型相容(如GPT、Claude、Ollama)。同時,圖解提供了完整的部署方案(雲端/本地/Docker),並列舉了辦公室自動化、內容創作、資料收集等五大應用程式場景。此外,還展示了其火爆程度、政府與大廠佈局、安全部署建議及適合/不適合的人群分類。幫助你快速掌握OpenClaw技術架構與應用價值,指導個人或企業建構AI自動化系統,規避資料外洩與權限失控風險,是學習「執行式AI」轉型的權威參考圖譜。
Explore the intricate lineage of the Crown Royal Family Tree, showcasing the House of Windsor and its notable members. From Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip's legacy to their childrenKing Charles III, Princess Anne, Prince Andrew, and Prince Edwarddiscover the marriages and offspring that shape the modern monarchy. Notable branches include the heir apparent, Prince William, and his brother, Prince Harry, alongside their families. Delve into Prince Philip's roots in the House of Glücksburg, connecting British royalty to Denmark and Greece. Join us in tracing this remarkable royal heritage!
This is a panoramic infographic—currently sweeping across the web—illustrating the comprehensive applications of OpenClaw, a popular open-source AI agent platform. It systematically introduces this intelligent agent framework—affectionately dubbed "Lobster Farming"—helping readers quickly grasp its core value, technical features, application scenarios, and security protocols. It serves as an excellent introductory guide and practical manual.
這是一張最近風靡全網關於熱門開源AI代理平台OpenClaw的全網應用全景圖解。它系統性地介紹了這款被稱為「養龍蝦」的智慧體框架,幫助讀者快速理解其核心價值、技術特性、應用場景及安全規範,是一份極佳的入門指南與實操手冊。此圖主要針對希望利用AI建構自動化工作流程的技術從業人員、中小企業主及效率追求者,透過9大模組層層遞進,全面剖析了OpenClaw從概念到落地的整個過程。 圖中核心內容首先釐清了「養龍蝦」指涉的是OpenClawd開源智能體,並強調其本質是「AI基建」而非一般聊天機器人。隨後詳細比較其與傳統AI助理的區別,擁有記憶管理、權限控制、會話隔離和異常恢復四大基礎能力,支援跨平台存取和多模型相容(如GPT、Claude、Ollama)。同時,圖解提供了完整的部署方案(雲端/本地/Docker),並列舉了辦公室自動化、內容創作、資料收集等五大應用程式場景。此外,還展示了其火爆程度、政府與大廠佈局、安全部署建議及適合/不適合的人群分類。幫助你快速掌握OpenClaw技術架構與應用價值,指導個人或企業建構AI自動化系統,規避資料外洩與權限失控風險,是學習「執行式AI」轉型的權威參考圖譜。
demand analysis
definition
In order to develop software products that truly meet user needs, we must first know the user needs. A deep understanding of software requirements is the key to successful software development efforts.
Task
general tasks
What should the system do?
Detailed points
1. Determine the comprehensive requirements of the system
1. Functional requirements
2. Performance requirements
3. Reliability and availability requirements
4. Error handling requirements
5. Interface requirements
User interface requirements
Hardware interface requirements
Software interface requirements
Communication interface requirements
6. Constraints
7. Reverse demand
Explain what the system should not do
8. Possible requests in the future
9. Analyze the data requirements of the system
2. Export the logical model of the system
Logical models are usually described using DFD diagrams, E-R diagrams, state transition diagrams, data dictionaries and main processing algorithms.
3. Revise the system development plan
How to communicate with users
Interview
Classification
formal interview
informal interview
Questionnaires are a great way to survey the opinions of a large number of people
Scenario analysis
Scenario analysis is to analyze the methods and results of users using the target system to solve a specific problem in the future.
Top-down refinement for data flow
structured analysis
The structured analysis method is a method of demand analysis based on top-down and step-by-step refinement of data flow.
The refinement of the data flow diagram can be completed through functional decomposition
Simple application specification technology
Team-oriented requirements gathering method
Users and developers work closely together to identify problems, propose solution elements, discuss alternatives, and specify basic requirements
advantage
Users and developers work closely together, work together, and discuss and refine
Quickly build software prototypes
characteristic
fast
easy to modify
Analytical modeling and specification
Analytical modeling
A model is an abstraction of things for the purpose of understanding them, and an unambiguous written description of things.
Software requirements specification
"Requirements Specification" is the most important document obtained during the requirements analysis stage.
E-R diagram
data object
Data objects are abstractions of the information that the software must understand
Data objects can be external entities
Attributes
Properties define the properties of a data object
connect
The way data objects relate to each other is called a relationship, also called a relationship
Classification
One to one
one to many
many to many
Symbols of E-R diagram
Entity->Rectangle
Relationship->Rhombus
Properties->Oval
Connect the three above with a straight line
State transition diagram
definition
Represent the behavior of the system by describing the state of the system and the events that cause system state transitions
state
initial state
There can only be one initial state
final state
There can be 0 or more final states
Intermediate state
event
definition
An event is control information that causes the system to take action or change state.
Other graphics tools
Functions of the first three graphics tools
Data flow diagram to build functional model
E-R diagram establishes entities of data model
Statecharts build behavioral models
hierarchical block diagram
A hierarchical box diagram depicts the hierarchical structure of data using a series of multi-level rectangular boxes in a tree structure.
Warnier diagram
A tree structure is also used to depict information, but it provides a richer means of depiction than a hierarchical box diagram.
IPO chart
use
Graphical tools for describing algorithms
definition
It is the abbreviation of input, processing and output diagram.
Function
Developed by IBM, it can easily depict the relationship between input data, data processing and output data.
Verify software requirements
How to verify software requirements
1. Consistency
All requirements must be consistent and requirements cannot conflict with each other.
2. Completeness
Requirements must be complete and should be fully reflected in the specification
3. Reality
The requirements proposed should be realistic
4. Effectiveness
It must be proven that the requirements are correct and valid and can solve user problems
How to verify software requirements
1. Verify the consistency of requirements
Check the software requirements specification
2. Verify the reality of the requirements
Refer to past development experience and use simulation or simulation technology
3. Verify the completeness and validity of requirements
Use prototyping systems