MindMap Gallery 813 Software Engineering-Requirements Analysis
Used for the postgraduate entrance examination 813 Software Engineering or the final series of knowledge points. In order to develop software products that truly meet user needs, we must first know the user needs. A deep understanding of software requirements is the key to successful software development efforts.
Edited at 2023-06-14 16:15:23This infographic, created using EdrawMax, outlines the pivotal moments in African American history from 1619 to the present. It highlights significant events such as emancipation, key civil rights legislation, and notable achievements that have shaped the social and political landscape. The timeline serves as a visual representation of the struggle for equality and justice, emphasizing the resilience and contributions of African Americans throughout history.
This infographic, designed with EdrawMax, presents a detailed timeline of the evolution of voting rights and citizenship in the U.S. from 1870 to the present. It highlights key legislative milestones, court decisions, and societal changes that have expanded or challenged voting access. The timeline underscores the ongoing struggle for equality and the continuous efforts to secure voting rights for all citizens, reflecting the dynamic nature of democracy in America.
This infographic, created using EdrawMax, highlights the rich cultural heritage and outstanding contributions of African Americans. It covers key areas such as STEM innovations, literature and thought, global influence of music and arts, and historical preservation. The document showcases influential figures and institutions that have played pivotal roles in shaping science, medicine, literature, and public memory, underscoring the integral role of African American contributions to society.
This infographic, created using EdrawMax, outlines the pivotal moments in African American history from 1619 to the present. It highlights significant events such as emancipation, key civil rights legislation, and notable achievements that have shaped the social and political landscape. The timeline serves as a visual representation of the struggle for equality and justice, emphasizing the resilience and contributions of African Americans throughout history.
This infographic, designed with EdrawMax, presents a detailed timeline of the evolution of voting rights and citizenship in the U.S. from 1870 to the present. It highlights key legislative milestones, court decisions, and societal changes that have expanded or challenged voting access. The timeline underscores the ongoing struggle for equality and the continuous efforts to secure voting rights for all citizens, reflecting the dynamic nature of democracy in America.
This infographic, created using EdrawMax, highlights the rich cultural heritage and outstanding contributions of African Americans. It covers key areas such as STEM innovations, literature and thought, global influence of music and arts, and historical preservation. The document showcases influential figures and institutions that have played pivotal roles in shaping science, medicine, literature, and public memory, underscoring the integral role of African American contributions to society.
demand analysis
definition
In order to develop software products that truly meet user needs, we must first know the user needs. A deep understanding of software requirements is the key to successful software development efforts.
Task
general tasks
What should the system do?
Detailed points
1. Determine the comprehensive requirements of the system
1. Functional requirements
2. Performance requirements
3. Reliability and availability requirements
4. Error handling requirements
5. Interface requirements
User interface requirements
Hardware interface requirements
Software interface requirements
Communication interface requirements
6. Constraints
7. Reverse demand
Explain what the system should not do
8. Possible requests in the future
9. Analyze the data requirements of the system
2. Export the logical model of the system
Logical models are usually described using DFD diagrams, E-R diagrams, state transition diagrams, data dictionaries and main processing algorithms.
3. Revise the system development plan
How to communicate with users
Interview
Classification
formal interview
informal interview
Questionnaires are a great way to survey the opinions of a large number of people
Scenario analysis
Scenario analysis is to analyze the methods and results of users using the target system to solve a specific problem in the future.
Top-down refinement for data flow
structured analysis
The structured analysis method is a method of demand analysis based on top-down and step-by-step refinement of data flow.
The refinement of the data flow diagram can be completed through functional decomposition
Simple application specification technology
Team-oriented requirements gathering method
Users and developers work closely together to identify problems, propose solution elements, discuss alternatives, and specify basic requirements
advantage
Users and developers work closely together, work together, and discuss and refine
Quickly build software prototypes
characteristic
fast
easy to modify
Analytical modeling and specification
Analytical modeling
A model is an abstraction of things for the purpose of understanding them, and an unambiguous written description of things.
Software requirements specification
"Requirements Specification" is the most important document obtained during the requirements analysis stage.
E-R diagram
data object
Data objects are abstractions of the information that the software must understand
Data objects can be external entities
Attributes
Properties define the properties of a data object
connect
The way data objects relate to each other is called a relationship, also called a relationship
Classification
One to one
one to many
many to many
Symbols of E-R diagram
Entity->Rectangle
Relationship->Rhombus
Properties->Oval
Connect the three above with a straight line
State transition diagram
definition
Represent the behavior of the system by describing the state of the system and the events that cause system state transitions
state
initial state
There can only be one initial state
final state
There can be 0 or more final states
Intermediate state
event
definition
An event is control information that causes the system to take action or change state.
Other graphics tools
Functions of the first three graphics tools
Data flow diagram to build functional model
E-R diagram establishes entities of data model
Statecharts build behavioral models
hierarchical block diagram
A hierarchical box diagram depicts the hierarchical structure of data using a series of multi-level rectangular boxes in a tree structure.
Warnier diagram
A tree structure is also used to depict information, but it provides a richer means of depiction than a hierarchical box diagram.
IPO chart
use
Graphical tools for describing algorithms
definition
It is the abbreviation of input, processing and output diagram.
Function
Developed by IBM, it can easily depict the relationship between input data, data processing and output data.
Verify software requirements
How to verify software requirements
1. Consistency
All requirements must be consistent and requirements cannot conflict with each other.
2. Completeness
Requirements must be complete and should be fully reflected in the specification
3. Reality
The requirements proposed should be realistic
4. Effectiveness
It must be proven that the requirements are correct and valid and can solve user problems
How to verify software requirements
1. Verify the consistency of requirements
Check the software requirements specification
2. Verify the reality of the requirements
Refer to past development experience and use simulation or simulation technology
3. Verify the completeness and validity of requirements
Use prototyping systems