Also known as coating anesthesia, it refers to applying topical anesthetics to the mucosal surface to cause loss of pain sensation in superficial tissues.

It can be used for incision of submucosal abscesses and extraction of loose deciduous teeth. Topical anesthesia before injection anesthesia can reduce the pain caused by needle tip penetration.

2% to 5% lidocaine

0.25% ~ 0.5% tetracaine hydrochloride

Prilocaine and lidocaine mixed gel

benzocaine gel

Use cotton balls to dry the mucosal surface and keep away moisture to prevent the local drug concentration from decreasing and the drug from entering the saliva and causing discomfort in other parts of the body.

Use a cotton swab to dip a small amount of topical anesthetic, and apply the anesthetic evenly on the area to be anesthetized or spray it with a spray for 1 to 2 minutes.

A good surface anesthesia effect is achieved when the smooth and moist mucosa becomes dry and rough.

It refers to a method of anesthesia in which local anesthetic is injected into the tissue of the surgical area and acts on the nerve endings in the surgical area to cause local loss of pain sensation.

Lower concentrations of anesthetic drugs are often used because compared to block anesthesia, infiltration anesthesia uses a larger amount of anesthetic drugs.

Applications in oral surgery mainly include

First, a small amount of anesthetic is injected into the skin or mucous membrane to form a small bump.

Then along the incision line, inject anesthetic in layers from shallow to deep until the entire surgical area

Sensory nerve endings in the surgical area are anesthetized by diffusion of local anesthetic

It refers to injecting local anesthetic drugs into the vicinity of the nerve trunk or its main branches that control sensation in the surgical area, blocking the incoming pain stimulation from the nerve endings, and producing an anesthetic effect in the area innervated by the nerve.

Compared to infiltration anesthesia

The effect is exact

Small dosage of anesthetic drugs

Reduces repeated punctures in the surgical area and prevents the spread of inflammatory lesions and infections

Proficient in trigeminal nerve anatomy

Understand the surface markings, needle insertion angle, depth, etc. of the needle insertion point during each branch anesthesia

Strict aseptic operation must be performed during operation

No blood drawn back

definition

Scope of application

Most commonly used topical anesthetics

Topical anesthesia method

definition

Application scope

Infiltration anesthesia method

It is the most widely used local anesthesia method in oral surgery.

definition

advantage

Key points of anesthesia

Is there any history of local anesthesia?

Do you have a history of allergy to anesthetics?

How effective was the previous anesthesia?

Are there any contraindications for local anesthesia?

How is your whole body?

Are you overly nervous or fearful?

Briefly inform the patient about the anesthesia process

Try to eliminate patients' tension and gain their trust and good cooperation.

surgical site

surgical complexity

operation time

Patient's general condition

Patient's nervousness and fear about surgery

Choose the appropriate anesthesia method and anesthetic drugs and whether to add vasoconstrictors

Choose different types of syringes and injection needles

Check injection needle

Lying position

semi-recumbent position

Use a mouth mirror, fingers or cotton swab to pull apart the lip and cheek tissue

Dry the injection site and surrounding area with a dry cotton swab, and disinfect the surface with disinfectant

Needle tip entry point area

traditional syringe

Cartridge syringe

When passing the syringe, try to avoid the patient’s sight.

Maintain good balance and stability of hands and arms

Fulcrum

Verify the area of ​​anesthesia and confirm the entry point of the anesthesia needle tip

Tighten the skin or mucous membrane around the needle insertion point

Keep the needle bevel oriented correctly

Gently insert the injection point until the bevel of the needle tip completely enters the tissue.

When local anesthesia involves bone tissue, the bevel of the needle tip should generally face the bone surface.

When the injection needle tip first penetrates the skin or mucous membrane, injecting a small amount of anesthetic can help reduce pain.

Advance the needle slowly

Avoid large changes in needle insertion angle during needle insertion

Prevent the needle tip from cutting the tissue and reduce the occurrence of pain and hematoma

according to

Notice

Any local anesthetic injection must be withdrawn

The operator should pay attention to the stability of the needle tip position

Retrieval positive

The injection process should be slow

effect

facial expression

Communicate verbally with patients

Slowly withdraw the needle from the soft tissue

Smoothly take the syringe out of the patient's mouth

If there is bleeding at the injection site, use a dry cotton strip to compress to stop the bleeding.

The exited syringe should generally not be replaced with a plastic cap

If you want to continue using

The correct way to withdraw

Most anesthesia complications occur within 5 minutes of injection

Doctors should not leave patients

Pay attention to the patient's demeanor and communicate with the patient

The effectiveness of local anesthesia should be checked before surgery

Condition

content