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Circuit Chapter 1

The mind map of the first chapter of "Basics of Circuit Theory" in college is already relatively clear, and future chapters will continue to be updated... Welcome to like and collect~

Edited at 2024-03-07 21:08:36

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Circuit Chapter 1

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Outline

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Lithium-ion battery anode materials
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combinational logic circuit
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Logical functions and their simplification
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Chapter 1 Circuit Components and Basic Laws of Circuits

1.1 Current, voltage and electrical power

associated reference direction

The reference direction of voltage and current on a component is the same

current

Unit: Ampere, A

Direction: The direction in which positive charges move

Formula: i=

Voltage

Unit: Volt, V

Direction: from high potential to low potential

formula:

electromotive force

Definition: The value of the electromotive force of the power supply is equal to the work done to move the unit positive charge from the negative pole to the positive power supply through the inside of the power supply.

Direction: Opposite to the positive direction of voltage

Formula: e=

Electric power

definition:

Absorbed power

Conversion of electrical energy into other forms of energy

p=ui>0

emit power

Conversion of other forms of energy into electrical energy

p=ui<0

Energy absorbed/emitted:

1.2 Resistive element

Resistance/Conductance

resistance

Unit: Ohm,

formula:

Conductance

Unit: Siemens, S

formula:

Interrelationship: RG=1

power:

Joule's law:

1.3 Capacitive components

Unit: Farad, F

formula

Capacitance calculation formula:

Current formula:

The relationship formula between current and voltage:

Total energy absorbed by the capacitor:

1.4 Inductive components

magnet link

Definition: The sum of the magnetic flux linked to each turn of the coil, recorded as

Unit: Weber, Wb

Linear/Nonlinear Inductor

Linear inductance: The magnetic field of the coil exists in a linear medium

Nonlinear inductance: the magnetic field of the coil exists in a nonlinear medium

Inductance

Marked as L

Unit: Henry, H

The relationship between magnetic linkage and current:

The relationship between the port voltage and the port current of the linear inductor:

Absorbed energy / stored magnetic field energy:

1.7 Kirchhoff’s Laws

Circuit configuration

Branch: each two-terminal element

Node: the connection point of several branches

Loop: closed path

Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL)

content

In a lumped parameter circuit, the algebraic sum of the branch currents flowing out (or flowing into) any node at any time is equal to zero, that is

Generalized Kirchhoff's current law

In a lumped parameter circuit, the algebraic sum of the branch currents flowing out (or flowing into) any closed boundary at any time is equal to zero.

reference direction

When outflowing a node, take the " " sign

When flowing into a node, take the "-" sign

If there are n nodes and one is designated as a reference node, n-1 independent KCL equations can be listed

Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL)

content

In a lumped parameter circuit, the algebraic sum of the voltages along any branch of any loop at any time is equal to zero, that is

promotion

Along any loop, the algebraic sum of voltage drops in each branch is equal to the algebraic sum of voltage rises, that is

reference direction

When the reference direction is the same as the loop direction, take the " " sign

When the reference direction is opposite to the loop direction, take the "-" sign

If there are b branches and n nodes, then b-n 1 independent KVL equations can be listed

1.6 Controlled power supply

Definition: A power source whose source voltage or current is controlled by a voltage or current elsewhere in the circuit.

Classification

Voltage controlled voltage source VCVS

Current controlled voltage source CCVS

Voltage controlled current source VCCS

Current Controlled Current Source CCCS

1.5 Independent power supply

power source

Port characteristics:

Power (taking non-correlated reference direction):

Power supply/charging status

Power supply status: p>0

Charging state: p<0

Battery

Port characteristics:

power:

Power supply/charging status

Power supply status: p>0

Charging state: p<0