1.Zona pellucida disappears

2. The blastocyst trophoblast differentiates into syncytiotrophoblast cells

3. The blastocyst and endometrium develop synchronously and coordinate their functions

4. Pregnant women have enough estrogen and progesterone in their bodies

The uterus has a very short window period to allow the fertilized egg to implant, usually on the 20th-24th day of the menstrual cycle.

structure

Function

Umbilical cord length at term is 30-100cm

One umbilical vein and two umbilical arteries

Early pregnancy: maternal serum; late pregnancy: fetal urine is an important source of amniotic fluid

It reaches the peak at 38 weeks of pregnancy and can reach 1000ml, and normal term is about 800ml.

Colorless and clear liquid in early pregnancy; amniotic fluid at term is slightly turbid and opaque

Neutral or weakly alkaline, ph7.2; protects mother and fetus

Weekend 8: Ultrasound results show that the heart is pulsating and prone to deformity.

Weekend 16: Some pregnant women have fetal movements

Weekend 20: Fetal heart sound

Weekend 28: Susceptible to respiratory distress syndrome

uterine body

Uterine isthmus is 7-10cm long during labor

The cervix appears enlarged, purple-blue, with thick mucus plugs

Plasma increases more than red blood cells, hemodilution, physiological anemia

Shift left, up, forward

Heart rate increases by 10-15 beats per minute

A soft blowing systolic murmur is heard

Cardiac output reaches its peak at 32-34 weeks (second stage of labor, significant)

Combined with heart disease, prevent heart failure during 32-34 weeks of pregnancy, delivery, and the first 3 days of the puerperium.

Supine hypotension syndrome, relieved in lateral decubitus position

Hemorrhoids, vulva, varicose veins of lower limbs

Gynecological examination

Pregnancy test (diagnoses early pregnancy)

Ultrasound examination (confirmation)

Starting from 18-20 weeks of pregnancy, more than or equal to 10 times/2h

18-20 weeks of pregnancy, 110-160 times

Parallel-vertical production

Vertical-horizontal production type

cross-biased

Longitudinal delivery: cephalad presentation, buttock presentation

Transverse delivery: shoulder first

Occipital presentation - occipital bone; Facial presentation - mental bone; Hip presentation - sacrum; Shoulder presentation - scapula

Normal and easy delivery: pillow left and front, pillow right and front