Rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum are Two basic types of endoplasmic reticulum

The endoplasmic reticulum is the unit membrane within the cytoplasm Three-dimensional mesh membrane system

Found in cells of certain special tissues Derived structures of the endoplasmic reticulum

Lipids and proteins are the main chemical components of the endoplasmic reticulum

The endoplasmic reticulum contains glucose-6-phosphatase Many enzyme systems that are the main landmark enzymes

Reticulin is the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum A type of protein commonly found in

The main function of rough endoplasmic reticulum is to carry out Protein synthesis, processing modification, sorting and transport

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum serves as intracellular lipid Multifunctional organelle that is the main site of substance synthesis

endoplasmic reticulum stress

The most common pathological changes of the endoplasmic reticulum are swelling, hypertrophy or cisternal collapse

The formation and appearance of inclusions in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen is a manifestation of certain diseases or pathological processes.

The endoplasmic reticulum shows diverse changes in different tumor cells

Hyperfunction leads to compensatory hypertrophy of the Golgi complex

Toxic substances cause atrophy and damage of the Golgi complex

Tumor cell differentiation status affects Golgi complex status

Lysosomal deficiency or defective diseases are mostly congenital diseases (Tay-Sachs disease, type glycogen storage disease)

Cell or tissue damage diseases caused by the release or leakage of lysosomal enzymes (silicosis, gout)

Genetic disorders caused by primary peroxisome defects

Pathological changes in peroxisomes during disease processes

The Golgi complex is composed of three Organelles composed of different types of membranous vesicles

The Golgi complex is remarkably polar

The Golgi complex exhibits different distribution patterns in different tissue cells

Lipids are the basic components of the Golgi complex membrane

The Golgi complex contains a variety of enzyme protein systems including glycosyltransferases

The Golgi complex is a transit station for intracellular protein transport and secretion.

The Golgi complex is an important site for the processing and synthesis of intracellular substances.

The Golgi complex is a hub for intracellular protein sorting and vesicle-directed transport.

Peroxisomes are highly heterogeneous membranous saccular organelles

Peroxisomes have high material permeability

Peroxisomes contain more than 40 enzymes marked by catalase

Peroxisomes can effectively remove hydrogen peroxide and other toxic substances produced during cell metabolism.

Peroxisomes can effectively regulate cellular oxygen tension

Peroxisomes are involved in the decomposition and transformation of high-energy molecular substances such as fatty acids in cells.

gated transport

transmembrane transport

vesicle transport

Clathrin is produced by vesicles and associated with the Golgi complex and the cell membrane

COP‖ is produced by vesicles and interacts with the endoplasmic reticulum, mediating the transport of substances from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi complex.

COP｜The main function of coated vesicles is to recycle and transport endoplasmic reticulum escape proteins

Vesicle transport is a basic pathway for directional transport of cellular materials

Vesicle transport is a highly ordered, strictly selected and precisely controlled substance transport process.

Specific recognition and fusion is the basic guarantee for directional transport and accurate unloading of vesicle materials

Vesicle transport is a bridge to achieve functional structural transformation and metabolic renewal of cell membranes and endomembrane systems

Lysosome is a highly heterogeneous membrane-structured organelle.

A common feature of lysosomes is that they contain acid hydrolase

Lysosomal membrane glycoprotein family has high homology

N-glycosylation of enzyme proteins and endoplasmic reticulum transport

Processing and transfer of enzyme proteins within the Golgi complex

Sorting and transport of enzyme proteins

Formation and maturation of endosomal lysosomes

Lysosomes differ in their functional status Can be divided into three basic types

Lysosomes differ in their formation process can be divided into two major types

Decompose foreign substances in cells and remove aged and damaged organelles

Has material digestion and cell nutrition functions

It is an integral part of the body's defense and protective functions.

Participate in the regulation of secretion processes of certain gland tissue cells

Plays an important role in the ontogeny and development of organisms