The influence of modern philosophy

Effects of Experimental Physiology

constructivist psychology

functionalist psychology

behaviorist psychology

Gestalt Psychology

psychoanalytic school

physiological psychology

Behaviorism

Psychoanalysis

cognitive psychology

humanistic psychology and positive psychology

evolutionary psychology

The development of ancient psychological thought: There were rich ideas in ancient times, but there were no monographs

Early dissemination: The dissemination of psychology originated from the late Ming Dynasty missionary Matthew's "The Record of the West" and Ai Julius's "Confirmation of Sexuality"

Modern development: 1949 enters a new era, with twists and turns

process structure brain mechanism The occurrence and development of phenomena relationship with environment

Theory: Correctly describe and reveal human psychological phenomena, get rid of superstitions, and form a correct outlook on life and the world. Practice: Master the laws of psychological phenomena, predict and control psychological phenomena

universal heart Physiological Psychology and Psychophysiology Industrial Psychology military psychology social psychology educational psychology medical psychology developmental psychology

intermediate science

Applicable conditions: ① Unable to control the research subjects ② Control will affect a certain behavior ③ Social moral restrictions, uncontrollable Advantages: ① Directly obtain first-hand information ② Under natural conditions, the subjects are not aware, and the results are more realistic Disadvantages: ① It is difficult to repeat experiments to verify the results ② It is easy to observe redundant phenomena ③ Under natural conditions, there are too many causes of phenomena, making it difficult to accurately analyze ④ It is easily affected by the consciousness of the observer

Method: Standardized scales measure certain psychological qualities Requirements: Test reliability and validity Conduct in-depth research on psychological qualities in advance and make the scale scientific and rigorous

Method: Correlation coefficient Disadvantages: Cannot provide cause and effect

laboratory experiment method, natural experiment method able to reveal cause-and-effect relationships Double-blind control reduces subjective effects on participants

For individual studies, generalization of results must be rigorous Often used to propose theories and hypotheses that rely on other methods for testing

Cognition: receiving external information and transforming it into internal psychological activities through nervous system processing, which controls human behavior, including feeling, perception, memory, thinking, language, etc. Motivation and emotion: the internal motivation that drives a person's activities and toward a certain goal When people come into contact with something, in addition to understanding its attributes, characteristics and relationships, they will also develop an attitude towards it. Ability and personality: The stable and frequently occurring psychological characteristics are called personality psychology, including ability and personality.

Definition: An organism's reaction system, which consists of a series of reaction actions and activities

Produced under the influence of stimuli (internal and external factors)

Psychology as a mediator of stimulus-induced behavior

Psychology controls behavior and is expressed through behavior

Psychology is the science that studies behavior and psychological processes. It reveals human psychological processes through objective recording, analysis, and measurement of behavior.

Consciousness: a rich and stable inner world composed of human cognition, emotions, emotions, desires, etc.

Self-awareness: People can not only be aware of external things, but also be aware of their own psychological activities Self-awareness only appears when an individual develops to a certain stage

Attention: Attention is the direction and concentration of consciousness on activities

Unconscious: A psychological phenomenon that people cannot detect, regulate and control independently under normal circumstances.

People are members of society, live in social groups, establish social relationships, Social psychology and individual psychology are the relationship between commonality and personality