central lung cancer

peripheral lung cancer

Mostly central

Closely related to 🚬 → more common in older men

neuroendocrine origin

Lymphatic and hematogenous metastasis can occur very early, and the degree of malignancy is high

Sensitive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy

oat cell carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma

Adenocarcinoma

Cough, bloody sputum, chest pain, fever, shortness of breath

Ipsilateral diaphragm paralysis

hoarse voice

Superior vena cava obstruction syndrome: venous distension of the face and neck, upper limbs, and upper chest

Bloody effusion and persistent severe chest pain

hard to swallow

Organs and tissues that invade the mediastinum and compress the thoracic inlet

Drooping of the upper eyelid on the same side, miosis of the pupil, enophthalmos, and no sweating on the face

Spiculum sign, lobulation sign, GGO ground glass lesions [some early adenocarcinoma]

"Anti-S Sign"

Obstruction of bronchus → signs of pneumonia appear in affected lung lobes or segments

In advanced pathology, pleural effusion or rib destruction may be seen

Lung cancer bone metastasis screening

Important examination methods for central lung cancer

Needle biopsy of mediastinal or hilar lymph nodes → Pathology acquisition Lymph node staging