MindMap Gallery Chapter 17 Antihypertensive Drugs
It mainly includes the classification of antihypertensive drugs, the specific mechanisms of action of various drugs, clinical applications, and adverse reactions. A detailed list of the various drug classes used to treat high blood pressure and information about them.
Edited at 2024-12-16 11:01:44Find a streamlined guide created using EdrawMind, showcasing the Lemon 8 registration and login flow chart. This visual tool facilitates an effortless journey for American users to switch from TikTok to Lemon 8, making the transition both intuitive and rapid. Ideal for those looking for a user-centric route to Lemon 8's offerings, our flow chart demystifies the registration procedure and emphasizes crucial steps for a hassle-free login.
これは稲盛和夫に関するマインドマップです。私のこれまでの人生のすべての経験は、ビジネスの明確な目的と意味、強い意志、売上の最大化、業務の最小化、そして運営は強い意志に依存することを主な内容としています。
かんばんボードのデザインはシンプルかつ明確で、計画が一目で明確になります。毎日の進捗状況を簡単に記録し、月末に要約を作成して成長と成果を確認することができます。 実用性が高い:読書、早起き、運動など、さまざまなプランをカバーします。 操作簡単:シンプルなデザイン、便利な記録、いつでも進捗状況を確認できます。 明確な概要: 毎月の概要により、成長を明確に確認できます。 小さい まとめ、今月の振り返り掲示板、今月の習慣掲示板、今月のまとめ掲示板。
Find a streamlined guide created using EdrawMind, showcasing the Lemon 8 registration and login flow chart. This visual tool facilitates an effortless journey for American users to switch from TikTok to Lemon 8, making the transition both intuitive and rapid. Ideal for those looking for a user-centric route to Lemon 8's offerings, our flow chart demystifies the registration procedure and emphasizes crucial steps for a hassle-free login.
これは稲盛和夫に関するマインドマップです。私のこれまでの人生のすべての経験は、ビジネスの明確な目的と意味、強い意志、売上の最大化、業務の最小化、そして運営は強い意志に依存することを主な内容としています。
かんばんボードのデザインはシンプルかつ明確で、計画が一目で明確になります。毎日の進捗状況を簡単に記録し、月末に要約を作成して成長と成果を確認することができます。 実用性が高い:読書、早起き、運動など、さまざまなプランをカバーします。 操作簡単:シンプルなデザイン、便利な記録、いつでも進捗状況を確認できます。 明確な概要: 毎月の概要により、成長を明確に確認できます。 小さい まとめ、今月の振り返り掲示板、今月の習慣掲示板、今月のまとめ掲示板。
antihypertensive drugs
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor
Captopril
Pharmacological effects
Has a moderately strong antihypertensive effect and can reduce peripheral resistance
For patients with high blood pressure and chronic cardiac insufficiency, it can improve heart pumping function, increase cardiac output, reduce the occurrence of arrhythmias, and reduce mortality.
Hypertension accompanied by diabetes: reduce glomerular permeability to protein, improve nephropathy in insulin-dependent diabetes, reduce urinary protein, and improve renal function
clinical application
First-line drug for antihypertensive treatment, suitable for all types of hypertension
Suitable for patients with diabetes and insulin resistance
Hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy, heart failure, and acute myocardial infarction
adverse reactions
Dry cough, elevated blood potassium
Angiotensin II receptor antagonists
Losartan
Pharmacological effects
lower blood pressure
Reduce heart load
calcium channel blockers
nifedipine
Pharmacological effects
Inhibit extracellular calcium ion influx
Vascular smooth muscle relaxation, blood vessel dilation, and blood pressure decrease
clinical application
Effective for mild, moderate and severe hypertension
anti-angina pectoris
Improve cardiac hypertrophic heart disease
Treating Raynaud's disease and preventing atherosclerosis
adverse reactions
Increased heart rate, facial flushing, dizziness, headache, etc.
Hypertensive patients after acute myocardial infarction should not use it
diuretics
hydrochlorothiazide
Drug of choice for uncomplicated hypertension
clinical application
Basic medicines for treating high blood pressure
adrenergic receptor antagonists
beta adrenergic receptor antagonists
Mechanism of action
Blocks cardiac β1 adrenergic receptors and reduces cardiac output
Blocks β1 adrenergic receptors in cells next to renal afferent arterioles and reduces renin secretion
Blocks central β-adrenergic receptors and reduces peripheral sympathetic nerve activity
Blocks the presynaptic membrane β2 adrenergic receptors in peripheral noradrenergic nerve terminals, inhibits positive feedback regulation, reduces the release of NA, and promotes the synthesis of PGI2
propranolol
clinical application
Combats all degrees of essential hypertension
As the first choice antihypertensive drug
It is more effective for those with high cardiac output and renin activity. It is more suitable for patients with high blood pressure such as angina pectoris, migraine, and anxiety disorders.
adverse reactions
Long-term use of propranolol for arrest can cause rebound increases in blood pressure and heart rate, aggravate angina pectoris, and even induce acute myocardial infarction.
It is contraindicated for patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction, bronchial asthma, sinus bradycardia and severe atrioventricular block.
piperazine