MindMap Gallery 00277 Administrative Management ——Chapter 9 Administrative Management Means
0277 Administrative Management ——Chapter 9 Administrative Management Means (Section 1 Characteristics and Functions of Administrative Management Methods, Section 2 Basic Contents of Administrative Management Methods, Section 3 Modernization of E-Government and Administrative Management Methods.)
Edited at 2025-01-10 14:42:29Rumi: 10 dimensions of spiritual awakening. When you stop looking for yourself, you will find the entire universe because what you are looking for is also looking for you. Anything you do persevere every day can open a door to the depths of your spirit. In silence, I slipped into the secret realm, and I enjoyed everything to observe the magic around me, and didn't make any noise. Why do you like to crawl when you are born with wings? The soul has its own ears and can hear things that the mind cannot understand. Seek inward for the answer to everything, everything in the universe is in you. Lovers do not end up meeting somewhere, and there is no parting in this world. A wound is where light enters your heart.
Chronic heart failure is not just a problem of the speed of heart rate! It is caused by the decrease in myocardial contraction and diastolic function, which leads to insufficient cardiac output, which in turn causes congestion in the pulmonary circulation and congestion in the systemic circulation. From causes, inducement to compensation mechanisms, the pathophysiological processes of heart failure are complex and diverse. By controlling edema, reducing the heart's front and afterload, improving cardiac comfort function, and preventing and treating basic causes, we can effectively respond to this challenge. Only by understanding the mechanisms and clinical manifestations of heart failure and mastering prevention and treatment strategies can we better protect heart health.
Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a phenomenon that cellular function and metabolic disorders and structural damage will worsen after organs or tissues restore blood supply. Its main mechanisms include increased free radical generation, calcium overload, and the role of microvascular and leukocytes. The heart and brain are common damaged organs, manifested as changes in myocardial metabolism and ultrastructural changes, decreased cardiac function, etc. Prevention and control measures include removing free radicals, reducing calcium overload, improving metabolism and controlling reperfusion conditions, such as low sodium, low temperature, low pressure, etc. Understanding these mechanisms can help develop effective treatment options and alleviate ischemic injury.
Rumi: 10 dimensions of spiritual awakening. When you stop looking for yourself, you will find the entire universe because what you are looking for is also looking for you. Anything you do persevere every day can open a door to the depths of your spirit. In silence, I slipped into the secret realm, and I enjoyed everything to observe the magic around me, and didn't make any noise. Why do you like to crawl when you are born with wings? The soul has its own ears and can hear things that the mind cannot understand. Seek inward for the answer to everything, everything in the universe is in you. Lovers do not end up meeting somewhere, and there is no parting in this world. A wound is where light enters your heart.
Chronic heart failure is not just a problem of the speed of heart rate! It is caused by the decrease in myocardial contraction and diastolic function, which leads to insufficient cardiac output, which in turn causes congestion in the pulmonary circulation and congestion in the systemic circulation. From causes, inducement to compensation mechanisms, the pathophysiological processes of heart failure are complex and diverse. By controlling edema, reducing the heart's front and afterload, improving cardiac comfort function, and preventing and treating basic causes, we can effectively respond to this challenge. Only by understanding the mechanisms and clinical manifestations of heart failure and mastering prevention and treatment strategies can we better protect heart health.
Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a phenomenon that cellular function and metabolic disorders and structural damage will worsen after organs or tissues restore blood supply. Its main mechanisms include increased free radical generation, calcium overload, and the role of microvascular and leukocytes. The heart and brain are common damaged organs, manifested as changes in myocardial metabolism and ultrastructural changes, decreased cardiac function, etc. Prevention and control measures include removing free radicals, reducing calcium overload, improving metabolism and controlling reperfusion conditions, such as low sodium, low temperature, low pressure, etc. Understanding these mechanisms can help develop effective treatment options and alleviate ischemic injury.
Chapter 9 Administrative Management Means
Section 1 Characteristics and functions of administrative management methods
1. Meaning and characteristics of administrative management methods
1. The meaning of administrative management methods
Administrative management methods refer to the sum of various management measures, means, methods, techniques, etc. taken by administrative organizations and their administrative personnel to carry out administrative work and achieve administrative goals in the field of administrative management.
2. Characteristics of administrative management methods
(1) Targeted
(2) Practical
(3) Systematic
(4) Technical
2. The status and role of administrative management means
Administrative management methods are intermediate media that turns administrative management ideas into real states.
Administrative management methods are an important part of executing administrative functions.
Administrative management methods are ways to achieve administrative goals.
Section 2 Contents of administrative management methods
1. Administrative means
(I) The meaning of administrative means (instructions)
Rely on power and authority, we will use coercive means to directly command subordinates, and require subordinates to implement superior instructions and achieve administrative goals. (Most common and most effective)
Administrative means are conveyed in a vertical direction
(II) Main characteristics of administrative means
(1) Mandatory
(2) Authoritative
(3) Hierarchy
(4) Specificity
(5) Free
(III) Principles of using administrative means
(1) Principle of investigation and research prior
(2) Adhere to the principle of specific guidance
(3) Principle of leading ideological and political work
(IV) Advantages of administrative means
①Centralized and unified
② Direct control at all levels
③ The superior can issue various instructions in a timely and flexibly manner according to the work conditions of the subordinates.
2. Economic means
(I) Characteristics of economic means
(1) Benefit
The core of economic means is material interests
(2) Paid
(3) Equality
(4) Indirectness
(II) Principles of economic means
(1) The principle of moderation
(2) The principle of combining with the rule of law
(3) Principles of combining with ideological education
3. Legal means
(I) Characteristics of legal means
(1) Authoritative
(2) Mandatory
(3) Normative
(4) Stability
(II) Principles of legal means
(1) Principle of priority in legal education
(2) The principle of equality before the legal system
(3) The principle of combining rule of law and rule of morality
Section 3: Modernization of e-government and administrative management methods
1. Administrative technical means
1. Meaning: Administrative technical means refer to the skills and methods of using natural science and engineering science to solve administrative management problems.
2. Characteristics of administrative technical means:
(1) It has the attributes of hard science
(2) With quantitative attributes
3. Pros and cons of administrative technical means:
Improve efficiency and improve management accuracy Too complicated means can cause inconvenience
2. E-Government
In the concept of e-government, the core content is government affairs Management and service to the people
1. Contents of e-government
(1) Intergovernmental e-government Electronic regulations, official document systems, electronic judicial archives, electronic finance, electronic office, electronic training, performance evaluation
(2) Government-to-E-Government Affairs Electronic procurement and bidding, electronic taxation, electronic certificate processing, information consulting services, and electronic services for small and medium-sized enterprises
(3) Government e-government affairs for citizens Education and training, employment services, electronic medical care, social insurance network, citizen information, traffic management, citizen electronic taxation, electronic certificates
2. Functions of e-government
(1) Can simplify administrative links and procedures, improve administrative efficiency, and reduce administrative costs
(2) It can improve administrative transparency, facilitate public supervision, facilitate clean government, and build diligent work
(3) It is conducive to the transformation of the government management model from centralized management to centralized management management model
(4) E-government is conducive to integrating government information resources and leveraging its huge social and economic benefits
3. The significance of e-government
(1) Improve the information basis and information communication means of existing administrative management means
(2) Create new administrative management methods and administrative measures
(3) Provide technical means for the comprehensive realization of automation and informatization of administrative management