Single access SNI: analog Z interface; digital V interface where V1, 3, and 4 are only used for N-ISDN

Integrated and accessed SNI: V5 supports standardized interfaces for integrated access; VB5 supports integrated broadband access based on ATM

Digital user network interface U interface, analog telephone Z interface, ISDN basic rate interface, ISDN base group rate interface, E1 interface, Ethernet interface, ATM interface

Interface between switches and analog subscriber lines, carrying voice, voiceband data and multi-frequency signals

Function

Located between ISDN network terminal NT and switch line terminal LT

After the introduction of AN, the interface between AN and network terminal NT1

V1: ISDN Basic Rate Interface (2B D)

V3: ISDN base rate interface (30B D)

V4: Provides access to multiple ISDNs (2B D)

V2: PCM frame structure provides connection between remote user equipment and the home office

V5: ISDN, PSTN comprehensive access

Telecommunications management network concept: The purpose of proposing the TMN architecture is to support the planning, configuration, installation, operation and organization of telecommunications networks and telecommunications services.

Telecom management network business

Telecom management network functions: performance management, configuration management, accounting management, fault management, security management

TMN logical layered architecture LLA: transaction management layer, business management layer, network management layer, network element management layer

Telecom management network function module

produce

Function: Make access network configuration flexible and service provision fast and convenient; reduce costs; enhance network management capabilities and improve service quality

G.964 recommendation for V5.1 interface; G.965 recommendation for V5.2 interface

SNI between LE (local exchange) and AN

The second layer is for C channel only, and the protocol used is called LAPV5

Encapsulation function sublayer LAPV5-EF: used to encapsulate information between AN and LE to achieve transparent transmission

Data link sublayer LAPV5-DL: defines the information exchange method between AN and LE peer entities

Frame Relay sublayer AN-FR: supports ISDN D channel information

Function: protocol processing

control protocol

PSTN signaling protocol

Bearer Channel Control BCC protocol

protection agreement

link control protocol