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Python data types

Python Basics - Data types, these data types are very common in Python programming, and each type has its specific methods and operations that can facilitate data processing.

Edited at 2024-03-14 17:00:25

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Python data types

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Python data types

numerical value

type

integer

int

base

binary

Octal

decimal

hexadecimal

floating point number

decimal

float

Don't do calculations

Conversion to binary is biased

There is a value range

maximum value

1.7976931348623157e 308

inf

minimum value

2.2250738585072014e-308

0.0

plural type

Imaginary numbers are represented by j

Example

c=4 5j

value

Show real part

c. real

Show imaginary part

c.imag

Model length

abs(c)

Boolean type

bool

Number to Boolean type

False

0.0

null

True

any other value

The first letter must be capitalized

value

True

False

Can be converted to a number using int()

You can directly participate in digital operations after assignment

Operation

and

All T

There is F

short circuit

When it is judged that there is F

stop running

ReturnF

Example

All T

last value

There is F

first F

All F

There is T

short circuit

When it is judged that there is T

stop running

Return T

Example

All F

last value

There is T

first T

Operation

Addition, subtraction, multiplication and division

power

Rounding

Take the remainder

equal

not equal to

! =

sequence

type

immutable types

string

str

create

apostrophe

Double quotes

triple quotes

newline

apostrophe

line continuation character

Newline input

Peer display

end of first line

newline character

Newline input

Line wrap display

Beginning of second line

Used with line continuation character

triple quotes

Line break directly

Line wrap display

Operation

.join()

Splicing

Example

s.join(["a","b","c"])

Use s to splice "a" "b" "c"

.replace()

replace

Example

s.replace(old,new,1)

Replace old with new

old/new should both be strings

bring''

Replace all by default

.split()

Cut with content in brackets

no parameters

Cut with spaces

Results are stored in list form

.strip

cut

Commonly used to remove spaces on both sides

tuple

structure

tuple

read-only list

subtopic

( )

create

t1 = ()

t2 = tuple()

t3 = tuple((1,2,3))

t4 = (1,2,3)

when an element

add comma

t5=(1,)

element

Multiple data types available

integer

floating point number

string

list

tuple

…

Repeatable

In order

Unchangeable

If the elements in the tuple are mutable elements

The elements in a mutable element can be modified

mutable type

list

Format

list

[ ]

create

l1=list()

l1=[]

element

Multiple data types available

integer

floating point number

string

list

tuple

…

Repeatable

In order

function

Add to

.append(x)

Add x

end of list

.insert(index,object)

Insert at specified position

index

insertion position

object

insert element

l1.extend(l2)

merge

Merge l2 elements to the end of l1

delete

.pop(index)

Delete the element at the specified position

Return the content after deleting the element

.remove(object)

Delete specified content

object

element to delete

Delete only the first one

.clear()

Clear all elements

use

Delete all specified elements in the list

Delete directly

Import other elements into new list

list comprehension

sort

Reverse order

.reverse()

rearrange

Ascending order

.sort()

.sort (reverse=False)

descending order

.sort (reverse=True)

copy

direct assignment

Alias

The value address remains unchanged

Shallow copy

copy

parent object

Do not copy child objects

Only create a first-level list

First layer address change

Subsequent addresses remain unchanged

value

sublist

…

deep copy

deepcopy

full copy

All addresses changed

function

length

len()

Spaces and punctuation all count as length

index

Format

String name[index]

scope

-len() ——len()-1

index

first character on the left

A positive number

from left to right

negative number

right to left

Can also be used for lists etc.

slice

Format

String name [start:end:step]

Close in front and open in back

start

start character

available

Omit

first character from left

end

End of value

Can't get it

Omit

Get the last character

step

Step

Take one for every few characters

A positive number

Take values from left to right

negative number

Take values from right to left

Omit

Same operation

merge

Repeat n times

in not in

judge

Whether included in the string

return

True

False

judge

equal

is, is not

Compare

Whether the object (memory address) is the same

id(object)

object memory address

only

.index()

Returns the position of the first occurrence of the substring

Example

s.index("o",5)

The first occurrence of substring "o" after position 5 in string s

The number of occurrences of a given element

l1.count(x)

The number of times x appears in l1

gather

set

mutable type

Features

certainty

The element is an immutable data type

Cannot contain lists

Mutuality

Elements cannot be repeated

Automatically remove duplicates

Convert a list to a collection and then convert it back to a list

disorder

no order

Not indexable

s[index]

mistake

Traverse

Default from smallest to largest

set derivation

{output value for i in set}

{i 2 for i in s}

create

s = set()

s = {element}

{} Created as a dictionary when there is no content

subtopic

function

Add to

.add

Add customized elements

Duplicate values are not added

delete

.pop()

Randomly delete

.remove()

Delete specified value

Clear

.clear()

intersection

.intersection(set)

s1.intersection(s2)

The intersection of s1 and s2

union

.union()

s1.union(s2)

s1|s2

difference set

.difference()

Remove the elements of the set in parentheses from the set, and the remaining part

s1 = {1,2,3,4} s2 = {3,4,5,6} s1.difference(s2)

{1,2}

Symmetric difference set

The union of two sets removes the handover, and the remaining part

.symmetric_difference()

s1 = {1,2,3,4} s2 = {3,4,5,6} s1.symmetric_difference(s2)

{1,2,5,6}

s1 = {1,2,3,4} s2 = {3,4,5,6} s1^s2

{1,2,5,6}

insinuation

dictionary

dict

element

key value pair

key:value

key

value

A key-value pair is an element

a length

key cannot be repeated

immutable types

Not listable

value can be repeated

No restrictions on data types

disorder

Key-value pairs are unordered

create

dict()

{}

{key: value}

function

Add to

Assignment

d[key]=

key exists

Revise

key does not exist

Add to

.setdefault(key:value)

Value does not need to be written

Default is None

Inquire

[key]

key exists

return value

key does not exist

Report an error

.get(key)

key exists

return value

key does not exist

No error reported

.get(key,'prompt')

key exists

return value

key does not exist

Return prompt

delete

.pop(key)

Delete the specified key-value pair based on key

.popitem()

Randomly delete

Clear

.clear()

Traverse

.keys()

All keys

.values()

all values

.items()

All key-value pairs

tuple form

dict_items([(key1,value1),(key2,value2),…])

for in

key

for i in d: print(i)

for k in d.keys(): print(k)

for item in d.items(): print(item[0])

for k,v in d.items(): print(k)

value

for v in d.values(): print(v)

for item in d.items(): print(item[1])

for k,v in d.items(): print(v)

item

for item in d.items(): print(item)

multiple tuples

key value

for k,v in d.items(): print(k,v)

dictionary comprehension

{k:v for k,v in d.items() if v >60}