Coleoptera: Complete metamorphosis, collectively referred to as beetles, with the forewings specialized into hard exoskeleton elytra.

Blattales: Gradual metamorphosis. Commonly known as cockroaches and termites. The forewings are covered with wings, the hind wings are membranous, and the rump area is well developed or wingless. The abdomen has 10 segments and a pair of multi-segmented tail whiskers. There are often odor glands on the abdomen and back, which can secrete odor. The dorsal glands opening at the 6th and 7th abdominal segments are the most prominent.

Mantids: gradual metamorphosis. Most species have catching legs. The head is triangular and moves freely; the leg segments and tibia segments of the forefoot have sharp spines, and the tibia segment is sickle-shaped, often folding toward the leg segment to form a catching forefoot; the forewings are leathery and covert, lacking the leading edge domain, the hind wings are membranous, and the buttocks are The areas are well developed and fan-shaped, stacked on the back when resting; the abdomen is enlarged.

Dermoptera: gradual metamorphosis. Commonly known as earwigs. The body is long and flat. The head is flat and broad, the compound eyes are round, and the compound eyes of a few species are degenerated; some species have no compound eyes, such as the family Mothidae. The tentacles have 10 to 30 sections, and some can reach 50 sections, linear in shape. The upper jaw is well developed and wide, with small teeth at its front end. The anterior chest is free, larger, and nearly square; the posterior chest has a back plate. The abdomen is wider, and except for a few species, many have wings.

Orthoptera: gradual metamorphosis. Commonly known as grasshoppers, mole crickets, katydids, crickets, stove horses, locusts, etc. The forewings are leathery and the hind wings are membranous. They are folded like a fan when at rest, and the mouthparts are chewing.

䗛目: Gradual metamorphosis. Commonly known as stick insects. The body is slender, cylindrical, rod-shaped or branch-shaped; a few species are flat as leaves. The compound eyes are well developed and the single eye is usually degenerate. The wings are usually vestigial; if present, the forewings are usually smaller than the hindwings.

𫌀Ptera: Gradual metamorphosis. Commonly known as stoneflies. Slender and flat, mostly yellowish brown. Head broad. The antennae are filamentous, multi-segmented, and can reach more than half the body length. The mouthparts are chewing and weak. The forechest is square, large and movable. The compound eyes are well developed, with 2 to 3 single eyes. Wings 2 pairs or absent, membranous, hind wings often larger than forewings. The ability to fly is not strong. Extremely sensitive to changes in water quality.

Apoptera: semi-metamorphosis. The body is tiny, with a body length of no more than 3 mm, and the winged type has a wingspan of about 7 mm. The body is flat, the mouthparts are chewing, and the antennae are 9-segmented and shaped like beads. The winged type has compound eyes and 3 single eyes, while the wingless individuals have no single eyes and compound eyes.

Hymenoptera: gradual metamorphosis. Commonly known as bees, ants, etc. The wings are membranous and transparent, and the texture of the two pairs of wings is similar. There are wing hooks on the front edge of the hind wings that are interlocked with the forewings, and the wing veins are more specialized. The mouthparts are generally chewing, but in higher taxa, the lower lip and mandible form a tongue-like structure. , chewing and sucking type; the female ovipositor is well-developed, saw-shaped, spiny or needle-shaped, and is specialized into a stinger in higher taxa. Some species are eusocial.

Euryptera: complete metamorphosis. Commonly known as: tooth fly, fish fly, mud fly. Chewing mouthparts, filamentous antennae; wide wings, similar front and rear wings, with mesh-like wing veins; no tail whiskers.

Neuroptera: complete metamorphosis. Commonly known as: aphid lion, ant lion, etc. Mouthparts chewing type. The antennae are long, filamentous, and multi-segmented. Compound eyes are well developed. The wing membrane is transparent, with many longitudinal and transverse veins, multi-branched, the vein sequence of the front and rear wings is similar and reticulated, and the wing veins bifurcate at the edge of the wing. No tail whiskers.

Ophiophyales: complete metamorphosis. Commonly known as snakefly. The body is slender, small to medium in shape, mostly brown or black. The head is long, and the rear end is often narrow and tapered, forming a triangular shape. The compound eyes are well developed, with 3 or missing single eyes, filamentous antennae, and chewing mouthparts. The forechest is elongated and neck-like, and the middle and posterior chest are wide and short. The wings are narrow and long, membranous, with reticular veins, and the front and rear wings are similar. Abdomen 10 segments, no tail whiskers. The tail end of the male insect has a supra-anal plate and a grasping organ, and the female insect has a needle-like ovipositor.

Odonata: Semi-perverted. Commonly known as dragonflies and damselflies. The two pairs of wings have transparent membranes, many transverse veins on the wings, and there are often wing nevus on the front edge of the wings near the top of the wings. The antennae are short, bristly, with 3-7 segments. The compound eyes are well developed, accounting for most of the head, and there are 3 single eyes. Mouthparts chewing type. The palate is well developed. The forechest is as thin as the neck. When the middle and posterior thorax merge, it is called synthoracic.

Ephemera: original metamorphosis. Commonly known as ephemera. The wings are non-foldable and have two long tail whiskers. There are four stages: eggs, larvae, sub-adults and adults.

Diptera: complete metamorphosis. Commonly known as flies, mosquitoes, gadflies, etc. The forewings are well developed and the hind wings degenerate into balance rods. The body is short, wide or slender, cylindrical or nearly spherical. The head is generally perpendicular to the body axis, moves freely, and has a lower mouth. The compound eyes are large and often occupy most of the head. The shapes of the antennae vary greatly. Generally, the long-horned suborder is filamentous and composed of many similar segments; the short-horned suborder has 3 segments, and sometimes the third segment is divided into several links, with or without terminal awns; 3 segments have awns on the dorsal side.

Lepidoptera: complete metamorphosis. Commonly known as butterflies and moths. The body and wings are covered with scales. The mouthparts are siphonic or degenerate. A few are wingless or short-winged; the tarsal segments are 5-segmented; and there are no tail whiskers. The larvae are larvae-shaped, with chewing mouthparts. Each section of the body is densely covered with scattered setae or hair tumors, hair tufts, thorns, etc., with 2 to 5 pairs of abdominal legs, mostly 5 pairs, with toe hooks, and can spin silk knots. Cocoon or web. Pupa is pupa. Eggs are mostly round, hemispherical or oblate.

Trichoptera: complete metamorphosis. Commonly known as caddisfly. There are two pairs of wings, covered with hairs of varying thicknesses. Abdomen fusiform.

Hemiptera: gradual metamorphosis. Commonly known as smelly sister, cicada, scale insect, etc. The morphology changes greatly. The membranes of the front and rear wings are transparent and have the same shape and texture. The mouthparts are of a piercing and sucking type, extending from the front end of the head, and extending backward along the ventral surface of the body when resting. They are generally divided into 4 segments; the antennae are longer, generally divided into 4 to 5 segments; the pronotum is large, and the middle thorax is small. The blades are well developed; the base half of the forewing is ossified, and the end half is membranous and is a hemi-elytra; many species have odor glands, opening on both sides of the ventral surface of the thorax and the back of the abdomen.

Rodents: gradual metamorphosis. Commonly known as rodents and booklice. The body is small and fragile, and the head is relatively developed. The compound eyes are well developed, with three winged eyes and one wingless eye missing. The antennae are long and filamentous, the mouthparts are chewing, and the lip base is large and protruding. The winged prothorax is narrowed into a neck shape, the tibia is long, the abdomen is 10 segments, and there is no tail.

Thysanoptera: gradual metamorphosis. Commonly known as thrips. The mouthparts are piercing and sucking, asymmetrical from left to right.