FeCl3→Coordination compound (medium red acid purple)

Dilute hydrochloric acid → white salicylic acid precipitates → ammonium acetate dissolves

Neutral solution: a few drops of silver nitrate prepared from ammonia (heated in water bath) → silver mirror

Flame reaction (sodium yellow, potassium violet, calcium red)

Sodium hydroxide → ammonia smell, red pistil test paper → turn blue, mercury nitrate test paper turns black

Silver nitrate precipitates, dissolves it by adding ammonia test solution, and reconstitutes it by adding dilute nitric acid.

Manganese dioxide sulfuric acid moistening heating → chlorine

Barium chloride white precipitate is insoluble in hydrochloric acid and nitric acid

Lead acetate white precipitate is dissolved in ammonium acetate or sodium hydroxide

Hydrochloric acid does not produce white deposits

Mix sulfuric acid. After cooling, add ferrous sulfate → two liquid layers, the interface will appear brown.

Heating sulfuric acid and copper wire → reddish brown steam

Potassium permanganate test solution purple color does not fade (difference from nitrite)

tabletting method

fuzzy method

membrane method

solution method

Direct organic solvent extraction, removal of interference from excipients and then infrared analysis

Add organic acid (alkali) alkali (acid) salt to acid (alkali) solution to precipitate, take the precipitate and dry it or extract it as above and then dry it for infrared analysis.

The main component is organic acid. Add alkali to dissolve it. Add excess acid to precipitate it. After drying, draw the graph.

No excipients added or preparations with less interference can be drawn directly.

other

Tablet pressing method: If the hydrochloride does not react with potassium bromide, use potassium bromide, otherwise potassium chloride

Different instrument performance, resolution, operating conditions, and environment all have an impact on the spectrum, and should be corrected and improved in advance.

Not applicable to drugs that are polycrystalline and have no repeatable crystallization method.

Multiple components cannot be compared in full spectrum, and characteristic bands should be compared.