It is a sign of entering print communication.

The third milestone in the history of human communication

One of the most famous handwritten tabloids

Written by the wealthy Augsburg merchant family Fuggers

First newspaper (weekly)

Augsburg appears

The world's oldest daily newspaper

Founded in Leipzig by German bookseller Timothy Ritzher

Founded by Kota

A large number of reports on the process of the French Revolution showed a certain democratic tendency

During the European revolutionary turmoil in the 1830s and 1940s, it provided timely news and rich content, making it the most famous newspaper in Germany.

Engels compared it to Germany's "The Times"

Founded by some representatives of the bourgeoisie in Rheincologne, Germany

Marx wrote articles for it, revealing many major social issues, which were later seized.

Marx participated in the founding

Engels called it Germany's first socialist publication

The world's first Marxist daily newspaper

Newspaper features

Newspaper running practice

A business newspaper with important influence at home and abroad

german publisher zonnemann

The emergence of monopoly organizations

In order to fight against the persecution of the reactionary government, the leaders of the German party decided to publish an official newspaper abroad. On September 28, 1879, the "Social-Democrat" was published. This is a weekly newspaper that was first published in Paris and then moved to London for a total of 12 years. During the publication of the newspaper, Marx and Engels continued to provide care and guidance. It was one of the most important newspapers in the international and German labor movement at that time. In 1890, the Anti-Socialist Law was repealed and the newspaper ceased publication.

has always pursued an opportunistic line and vigorously promoted the cult of personality

Founded by the Lassalleans

The leading newspaper in the country during the French rule

Nazi organ

Monopoly organizations promote imperialism to carve up the world

The official newspaper "Red Flag"

anti fascist war

1949 Changed from weekly newspaper to daily newspaper

Springer News Group Holdings 3/4

Germany's most influential news weekly

Published in German and English

cross-regional daily

Represents the interests of the industrial community and pays attention to economic news and international news

The readers are mainly people from the political, industrial and commercial circles, and cultural and educational circles.

The content is divided into three parts: politics, economics, and literature. There are special sections on science and technology, books, and travel every day. The layout is serious, the title is small, and there are very few pictures.

The weekend edition is full of pictures and texts, with various themes, and advertisements account for about 50% of the page.

A popular newspaper with pictures and texts

Founded in Hamburg

moss newspaper group

Sher News Group

Ulstein newspaper group

Springer News Group

Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung

sueddeutsche newspaper group

stuttgarter newspaper group

Cologne City Advertising Group

Frankfurter Zeitung

All publications must be licensed, otherwise publication is prohibited

Only printers chartered by the Queen can become members of the company, and members of the company can engage in printing and publishing.

The most complete manifestation of the feudal dynasty's restriction of freedom of the press

Promulgate a Star Court decree to strictly control publishing activities

Britain's oldest officially chartered weekly newspaper

Comprehensive criticism of the shortcomings of the publishing censorship system

1. Emphasize that people’s freedom of speech and publication is their inherent right

2. This kind of freedom "is the nurse of all great wisdom." Restricting this freedom will only harm the truth. Only by protecting freedom of speech and publication can truth defeat error in debates.

"Political Messenger"

"Public Intelligence Agent"

"Popular Messenger"

"Congress Intelligencer"

still published today

The first British newspaper to be printed on both sides of a single page

It marks the transformation of newspapers from the past newsbooks or pamphlets to real "newsprint" newspapers.

The world's oldest surviving newspaper

Overthrow the rule of James II and establish a constitutional monarchy

Bill of Rights King Rules Without Rule

Britain's oldest daily newspaper

Founded by Edward Mallett

British Parliament passes bill under Tory manipulation

content

Founded by Cave

First time using magazine as a publication title

"Comment"

"Tatler"

"The Spectator"

Founded in London by John Walter

Founded under the trend of press independence, the main representative of the British bourgeois non-party press

Spokesperson of the industrial and commercial bourgeoisie, closely related to the ruling class

Speeches and criticisms often influence parliamentary debates and resolutions, earning him the nickname "Big Thunder God"

Foreign correspondents are often called “second ambassadors”

John Walter

Harmsworth (Northern Rock)

Thomson

Murdoch

Astor family

"Daily Advertiser"

"Popular Advertiser"

"morning chronicle"

"Morning Post"

The Times

Published in London

The purpose of the newspaper is "the merger of education and entertainment"

Founded in Manchester by John Taylor

The spokesperson of the Liberal Party, with a liberal and democratic political stance and a unique view on news

Rigorous in style, he values ​​speech and believes that editorials “are the basic reason for the existence of newspapers.”

Published simultaneously in London and Manchester, inheriting the tradition of attaching importance to speech and attaching great importance to international news

Readers are mainly political, intellectual and middle class

The Times

Manchester Guardian

"Daily Telegraph"

The first workers' newspaper to propose workers' freedom of press and publication

"Published to express protest and fight against power with justice"

Hetherington, O'Brien

British labor movement

Chartist movement's most famous newspaper

Representative of modern British proletarian political newspapers

Chartist left-wing leader Fergus O'Connor founded Leeds

Mainly yellow news, black news and cultural and sports news

Founded in London

Britain's most influential weekly magazine

Originally an economic magazine, it gradually turned into a real-time political weekly, which attracted international attention.

Usually reflects the views of the British monopoly bourgeoisie, and is mainly read by politicians in the economic circles of various countries.

Half of sales in the United States

Britain's most influential cheap newspaper (Penny News)

Britain's largest daily newspaper

Lawson "Father of British Press"

reform

The emergence of monopoly organizations

An early representative of modern British newspapers

Harmsworth "Lord Northern Rock"

women's tabloid

Founded by Harmsworth

The predecessor of The Sun

Founded in london by writer sid

1923 Became the organ of the British Labor Party

Monopoly organizations promote imperialism to carve up the world

"Communist" Weekly

1923 renamed "Workers Weekly"

organ of the british communist party

Published a congratulatory letter from the Communist International and published Lenin’s famous quotes

Rothermere newspaper group

beaverbrook newspaper group

Berry Brothers Newspaper Group

anti fascist war

The Communist Party of Britain strengthens its alliance with the "left"

communist newspaper

Take over and privatize state-owned industries in the GDR

Thomson Group

Murdoch Group

Maxwell Group

The Times

"Daily Telegraph"

The Guardian

Financial Times

"The Independent"

France's first continuously published weekly newspaper

Issued by charter of the King, it is the official mouthpiece. It mainly reports on foreign news, and later added domestic news and advertisements, as well as political commentary.

Founded by Renaudeau, the "Father of French Newspaper Industry"

The world's oldest magazine

Published in Paris

Published in Lyon

France's first daily newspaper

Capture the Bastille, overthrow the Bourbons, and establish a constitutional monarchy

Declaration of Human Rights

Jacobin newspapers

Keep four official newspapers

"One newspaper is worth three thousand muskets"

Napoleon abdicates

The Bourbon Restoration

The first press law in French history and the first complete press law in human history

Laws related to the press and publishing laws promulgated during the Restoration of the Bourbon Dynasty

Justice Minister Sergei Searle pushed for the enactment of

Opposition to the Bourbon Restoration

The world's longest existing French daily newspaper

Oppose the restoration of the feudal dynasty

"Worker Daily"

"The Handicraftsman"

"Factory Echo"

"People's Hive"

"The People's Daily of 1841"

"News"

"The Century"

The proletariat overthrew the reactionary rule of the bourgeoisie

Newspapers supporting the Commune

The earliest formal press law in developed countries

The world's first complete press law

significance

content

"Little News"

"Le Petit Parisien"

"Morning News"

"News"

French Socialist Party founder Jean Jaures

organ of the socialist party

Monopoly organizations promote imperialism to carve up the world

Important French satirical publication

Provost Group

Coty Group

Wende Group

Paternot Newspaper Group

anti fascist war

France's most influential daily newspaper

The content focuses on current political affairs at home and abroad, with many explanatory reports and a serious layout. The readers are mainly the upper class intellectuals, politicians and business circles.

Founded in Paris by the famous journalist Belle Bove Merriman

Philip Viana

Formerly known as the 1941 underground publication "Defense of France"

France's most representative current affairs pictorial

It is currently owned by the Hachette Newspaper Group and the Philippaxi Newspaper Group.

France's most influential news weekly

France's oldest surviving daily newspaper

Changed from weekly to daily in 1866

The European edition is today's International Herald Tribune

late 1940s - early 1950s

Mid-1950s-1960s

After the 1970s

France's largest regional newspaper by circulation

ersan newspaper group

Hachette Group

Amory newspaper group

world publishing group

bayard newspaper group

The first newspaper in the North American colonies

Boston printer Benjamin Harris

The first continuously published newspaper in the North American colonies

Boston Postmaster John Campbell

German immigrant Zenger

Zenger case: Article criticizing colonial governor Cosby → "Crime of slandering the government" → Arrested in 1734 → Lawyer Andrew Hamilton defended it "Only lies constitute libel, and every citizen has the freedom to state the unobjectionable truth" → The verdict of Zenger not guilty → inspired the people of North America to fight for freedom of the press.

Published in Philadelphia

America's first daily newspaper

Outstanding newspaper activist

Thomas Jefferson drafts the Declaration of Independence

Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; abridging the freedom of speech or of the press; or depriving the people of their right to peacefully assemble and to petition the government.

Founded in Philadelphia

first workers newspaper

Benjamin Day

Distribute at low prices; attract large amounts of advertising; local news and social news; do not hesitate to publish false scientific reports

Pay attention to advertising revenue and start a commercial tabloid

Founded by the National Federation of Trade Unions of the United States

Actively spoke for workers on issues such as wages and working hours, currency reform, factory regulations, national education, convict labor, free land, etc.

Bennett

Local news, national information and international news; the first financial news column; the first social news column; the first sports news; a column for letters from readers

1924 Merged with the Tribune to become the New York Herald Tribune

Horace Gerry

Abandon sensationalism; advocate social reform; develop the west and oppose slavery; crack down on businessmen, severely punish corrupt officials, ban tobacco and alcohol, and protect tariffs; attach importance to recruiting talents

"Moral Organ"

One of the oldest and most influential newspapers in American history

It abandoned the sensationalist style of the Sun and the Herald and the politically radical attitude of the Tribune, advocating for accurate news and moderate speech. The newspaper's coverage of the Civil War was excellent. It actually always reflected Raymond's partisanship.

Known as "Archival Record Newspaper"

Founded by Henry Raymond

abolition of slavery

Large daily newspaper

One of the three major newspapers in the United States

Sunday edition of the famous comic strip "Hogan's Alley" "The Yellow Kid"

“Yellow journalism”: reports written in a sensationalist style

Published by Dow Jones & Company in New York

A daily newspaper focusing on finance, developing from a financial professional newspaper to a comprehensive daily newspaper

Representing the interests of the big bourgeoisie politically, the editorial page often makes influential remarks on major domestic and foreign issues.

There are currently four local editions in China, with basically the same content, except for local news and advertisements.

Competing with "Le Monde" for "yellow children"

Monopoly organizations promote imperialism to carve up the world

The largest selling journal in the United States

Comprehensive abstract magazine, materials come from newspapers, periodicals and books

The content is wide-ranging, ranging from international and domestic politics to social issues, science and medicine, and daily life.

The genres are diverse, the material selection is interesting, story-based, and informative, and the text is popular and fluent.

Founded by Wallace

America's most influential magazine

Pioneering explanatory reporting

Henry Luce, Britton Harden

One of the three major news weekly magazines in the United States

Founded in New York

One of the three major news weekly magazines in the United States

anti fascist war

America's first comprehensive daily newspaper distributed nationwide

Gannett newspaper group founded in Washington

The content is concise and the arrangement is novel. The news is very short and does not pay attention to in-depth reports and column comments. It wins by being short.

The readers are mainly business people and tourists

Scripps Newspapers

Gannett News Group

Knight-Reid Newspaper Group

Newhouse Group

Times Mirror Group

Dow Jones Group

new york times company

news media group

Thomson newspaper group

Russia's first printed official newspaper

Founded by Tsar Peter I (Peter the Great)

Purpose: Report war news

The earliest to be founded and the longest to exist

Moscow University was founded

Breaking the exclusive monopoly of the government-run "News"

iron code

The first secret workers’ publication in Russian history

Published by the "Russian Northern Workers' Association"

Russia's first social democratic newspaper

The first Marxist group in Russia, the Russian Social Democratic Party, was founded

The first all-Russian Marxist political newspaper

Founded by Lenin in Leipzig, Germany

Main content of promotion

Made important contributions to the Russian revolutionary movement

Founded by Lenin in Geneva

The first Bolshevik organ

Founded in Petersburg

The first legal daily newspaper of the Bolsheviks

Lenin was founded in Petersburg

A political daily newspaper for the broad masses of workers to read

laid the foundation for the victory of the October Revolution

During the Great Patriotic War, it was called the "most advanced frontline newspaper"

Under the leadership of Lenin, the proletarian revolution overthrew the Provisional Government and the Soviet Republic was established

After its founding, it became the organ of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, the Supreme Soviet and the Council of Ministers of the Russian Federation.

Abolish press censorship

It stipulates that various organizations or individual citizens have the right to run newspapers

Expand the independent authority of newspaper handlers

The disintegration of Soviet socialist journalism

Japan's oldest magazine

Founded by Haruzo Yanagawa

official office

establish a constitutional monarchy

To enrich the country and strengthen the army, to colonize industry and develop industry, and to be civilized and enlightened

The first written press regulations in Japanese history

Japan's first daily newspaper

Founder Zi Anjun

Japanese typesetting, single-sided printing

50/50 news coverage and 50/50 advertising

Many newspapers were embroiled in battles between opposing factions

Become a typical "political newspaper"

It was Japan's largest newspaper before and during the war.

Zi Anjun was founded in Tokyo

Originally a popular tabloid

Now published simultaneously in Tokyo, Osaka, Kyushu, Hokkaido and Hokuriku

Pay attention to social news and sports news, with lively layout and popular text

At the same time, we publish a variety of newspapers, periodicals and books, and operate various industries such as Japanese television and broadcasting companies, sports teams, orchestras, tourism and real estate, etc.

One of the top five newspapers in Japan

Ryuhei Murayama was founded in Osaka

When political party newspapers were popular, they followed the "enterprise-oriented" policy and the "reporting first principle"

First to report that Zhang Zuolin’s train was bombed

Main party newspapers

"Postal Notification News"

"Asahi Shimbun"

Monopoly organizations promote imperialism to carve up the world

The Japanese people opposed sending troops to intervene in Soviet Russia, rice prices soared, local riots occurred, and rallies were held

Journalists across the country hold Kansai rally to demand cabinet resignation

The Asahi Shimbun reported that the conference was called "White Rainbow Passage", which heralded political turmoil.

The authorities persecuted newspaper reporters on the grounds that the newspaper pointed the finger at the emperor.

Japan's most prestigious comprehensive weekly

It was initially a literary and artistic publication, and later developed into a comprehensive publication covering various social and political fields.

organ of the japanese communist party

The largest circulation among existing political party newspapers

anti fascist war

The first newspaper in Japan to implement fully automated computer-controlled layout and printing

Strengthen management organization

Limit reporting content

Control paper supply

Forced merger of newspapers

"Yomiuri Shimbun"

"Asahi Shimbun"

"Daily News"

"Sankei Shimbun"

"Nihon Keizai Shimbun"

India's first newspaper

Founded in Calcutta by Englishman James Hickey

singapore english newspaper

The earliest Chinese-language newspaper founded by Chinese

A daily newspaper with real news

Founded in Singapore by the famous Chinese leader and industrialist Tan Kah Kee

A Chinese-language newspaper founded by Chinese industrialist and tiger balm manufacturer Hu Wenhu

Singapore’s only Malay daily newspaper

Malaysia's most influential daily newspaper

Türkiye's oldest newspaper

West Asia's oldest newspaper

"Morning News"

"National"

"Free Press"

Mexico's earliest periodical

Founded by Spanish colonial authorities

Founded by patriotic priest Idar

Mexico's most influential newspaper

Belongs to the left wing of society and has strong nationalist overtones

Mexico's largest privately owned newspaper

The earliest newspaper in Latin America advocating national independence

Founded in London by José Martín, leader of the Brazilian independence movement

Portuguese newspaper founded in São Paulo

“The New York Times of Latin America”

brasilia

city ​​of sao paulo

rio de janeiro

Sao Paulo State Newspaper

"Brazilian Journal"

"Globe"

Latin America's oldest surviving newspaper

Peruvian government gazette

The Courier

"The Nation"

"The Times Judge"

Africa's largest daily newspaper

"Al-Ahram"

"Republic"

"Izvestia"

Havas

Wolfe Society

Reuters

Not allowed outside the United States

Radio stations established in many countries

Broadcasting in Europe, America, Oceania, and Latin America is booming

Radio stations appeared one after another in underdeveloped countries in Asia and Africa

Traditional analog broadcast → digital audio broadcast

Traditional wireless broadcast → combined with computer network

Broadcasting to overseas colonies (East India)

Westinghouse Electric Company was founded in Pittsburgh, USA

Marked the birth of world broadcasting

The first radio station to obtain a business license from the government

Concurrently engaged in radio and television, recording and publishing businesses

Known for its high-rating news programs and outstanding program hosts, the American TV Festival

Headquartered in Washington

It is the largest and most powerful international radio station in the world and the main foreign propaganda tool and mouthpiece of the U.S. government.

After World War II, it mainly carried out anti-communist propaganda and subtly promoted the American social system, lifestyle and values.

The world's first international radio station to go online

The first transoceanic television broadcast

the national agency that regulates public broadcasting and television

Members of the Board of Governors are nominated by the President and appointed with the consent of the Senate

Responsibilities: Manage the funds allocated by the federal budget to public broadcasting and television, coordinate the relationship between various stations in the public system, and promote the development of public broadcasting and television.

The earliest cable TV program company in the United States

Mainly provides movies and sports programs

The most influential cable television program company in the United States

Begins broadcasting news via satellite to cable television systems in neighboring countries

Marks the birth of the international television industry

Headquartered in Atlanta

Merged into Time Warner in 1995

The world's first official international television station

Founded by Mercado

The world's first international radio station to go online

NBC

CBS

ABC

Fox Broadcasting Company FBC

The largest public broadcaster and television company in the Western world

State-owned public institutions

There are no advertisements or paid programs. The funds come from TV viewing fees paid by the audience, and external funds are allocated by the government.

Mission: Provide information, education, and entertainment (focusing on educational programs)

kicked off the world's television industry

The first institution in the world to establish a television transmitter and broadcast programs on a regular basis

The highest governing body is the Council

The first commercial television station launched

IBA

BBC

Adopt two methods: satellite live broadcast and cable TV network rebroadcast

1994 Co-founded World News Channel and Entertainment Channel with Pearson

Broadcasting programs to more than 100 countries 24 hours a day

The first radio station in the world to carry out nationwide digital audio broadcasting

Advertisements must be clearly distinguishable from the program

Advertisements should be arranged between programs and shall not be interspersed with advertisements during the program

Television advertising must not exceed 7 minutes per hour and radio advertising must not exceed 9 minutes per hour

Advertising may not be broadcast during the school's royal, parliamentary and celebration programs.

British Broadcasting Corporation

independent television commission

radio broadcasting bureau

Mainly state-owned, with private ownership allowed

During the state monopoly period, private ownership is not allowed

Coexistence of state-owned and private companies

The highest governing body of French radio and television

Composed of 9 people, the chairman is appointed by the president

Responsibilities: Manage and supervise the radio and television industry in accordance with the policy of free and diversified audio and video communication

Authority: Formulate various laws and regulations, allocate channels, issue operating licenses to commercial radio and television operators; impose sanctions on violations, appoint and remove leading members of public radio and television institutions, etc.

Founded in Berlin

For playing music and entertainment

A joint organization of regional radio stations with the purpose of strengthening cooperation

One satellite TV

TV channel 7

radio and television luxembourg

Later renamed "Comintern Radio"

radio ostankino

russian radio station

lighthouse radio station

youth radio station

echo moscow radio

Russian public television

russian television

2*2 TV station

Russian University Television

Cultural TV Station

The first nationwide radio and television station

Headquartered in Tokyo

radio wave method

Broadcasting Act

Radio Regulation Committee Establishment Act

Japan's largest commercial radio and television company

Belongs to the "Daily News" system

Headquartered in Tokyo, it has permanent reporters in many foreign cities and has formed broadcast networks with local radio and television stations in many countries.

Belongs to the "Yomiuri Shimbun" system

Television started broadcasting in 1953

Japan's first private company to start broadcasting television

Tokyo Broadcasting Corporation

Japan Television Broadcasting Corporation

national broadcasting asahi

fuji television co., ltd.

TV Tokyo

"Daily News" system

"Yomiuri Shimbun" system

"Asahi Shimbun" system

"Sankei Shimbun" system

"Nihon Keizai Shimbun" system

News Network

Japan News Network

all nippon news network

Fuji News Television Network

TX television network