Assess the patient's pain; for patients with pain pumps, pay attention to whether the pipeline is unobstructed

Comfort and encourage the patient rather than distracting the patient with communication.

Get into a comfortable position;

Give analgesics as directed by your doctor when necessary

Explain the patient's disease together with the doctor

Guidance before and after examination, before and after surgery; detailed explanation of treatment methods, purposes and precautions.

Carefully analyze and answer questions raised by patients to eliminate patients' concerns.

Reasonable intake of protein; regular work and rest, avoiding fatigue, and ensuring adequate sleep can improve disease resistance. Take in enough calories, vitamins, etc.

The diet should be light, easy to digest, eat small amounts frequently, eat more vitamin C, vitamin B, folic acid, and a low-phosphorus diet

Avoid eating high-potassium foods and nephrotoxic drugs, such as seaweed, spinach, nuts, bananas, gentamicin, etc.

Regular testing of renal function, body weight, serum albumin, hemoglobin and endogenous creatinine clearance

After the operation, lie down for 6 hours. After the condition stabilizes, you can raise the head of the bed 15--30° and turn over moderately.

Moderate activities can be carried out according to the condition and tolerance

Avoid fatigue and cold; when you are in good physical condition, you can do appropriate exercises to enhance your immunity and avoid strenuous exercise

Prevent severe coughing; for those without symptoms and complications, treatment is generally not required and can be reviewed once every six months to one year.

Follow doctor’s advice for long-term supplementation of erythropoietin

Implement basic care; place frequently used items within patients’ reach.

Teach patients to use bedside pagers

Guide passive movement

hypertension

Infect

hydronephrosis

Guide patients to maintain a positive and optimistic attitude to fight the disease.

Help patients understand disease-related knowledge.

Strengthen inspections, communicate more with patients, understand the patients' psychological conditions, and provide psychological counseling.

(1) Regular work and rest, avoiding fatigue and ensuring adequate sleep can improve disease resistance.

(2) When you are in good physical condition, you can do appropriate exercises to enhance your immunity and avoid strenuous exercise.

(3) Eat less spicy and irritating food; eat a high-protein, high-vitamin and crude fiber diet; drink more water, 2000-3000ml per day; keep the urine output at about 2000ml per day; eat more vegetables and fruits to keep the stool smooth.

1. Exercise appropriately, avoid heavy physical exertion and strenuous exercise, and pay attention to the balance between work and rest.

2. After discharge from hospital, treatment should be maintained and reviewed regularly to avoid fatigue.

3. Follow the doctor's instructions and take the medicine on time and in the right amount. If you feel unwell, please come to the hospital for treatment in time.