As a scientific working procedure, PDCA cycle was first proposed by Dr. Walter Shewhart of the Bell Laboratory in the United States in the 1930s. Later, it was promoted and applied in Japan by Dr. Edwards Deming, so it is also called "Deming Ring". ”. PDCA cycle is not only used for product quality control, but also can effectively control work quality and manage quality.

PDCA is the first combination of plan (Plan), implementation (Do), check (Check), and adjustment (Action). The specific meanings are as follows:

Planning Phase (P)

Implementation phase (D)

Inspection phase (C)

Adjustment phase (A)

PDCA cycle is a logical working procedure that effectively carries out any work. It is widely used in quality management. Due to its cycles, it is called the basic method of quality management. [Figure 1: PDCA basic cycle diagram] shows the basic model of PDCA cycle, which cycles in four stages in turn, continuously promoting the improvement and improvement of work.

Planning Phase (P)

Implementation phase (D)

Inspection phase (C)

Adjustment phase (A)

The PDCA cycle is not one-time, but is carried out repeatedly. After one cycle is over, some problems are solved and the unsolved problems enter the next cycle, thereby achieving a step-by-step rise in work.

Plan Stage

Do stage

Check stage

Action stage

The specific steps and main methods are shown in Table 1 as follows:

To set goals, standards, etc.: To apply the PDCA cycle, you must first formulate goals, standards, regulations, and procedures. The PDCA cycle connects the company's goals, standards, regulations, and procedures like a chain to enhance the cohesion of the enterprise and improve the level of management work.

Targeted: You must select fundamental problems that affect quality as the solution target in a target and select the right target to achieve obvious results.

Term requirements: PDCA cycles have term requirements. The length of cycle time of different management levels is different. The higher the level, the longer the cycle period, and the lower the level, the shorter the cycle. Only with time constraints can management work efficiency be improved.

Reward and punishment cashing and original records: Make good reward and punishment cashing and original records. Untimely reward and punishment cashing is not conducive to mobilizing enthusiasm and is not conducive to the smooth progress of the next cycle. The original records can provide information for management work, provide a basis for reward and punishment cashing, and can also be Leading decision making and moving to the next cycle provides original information.

In short, using PDCA cycles can make management work more organized, standardized, systematic and scientific, and improve the level of enterprise management.

Background A secondary carton factory in Shandong has achieved good results in developing packaging markets such as food, medicine, and glass. The market orders have increased and the demand for cartons has increased. However, in the peak season of autumn and winter, the production task is tight and some products cannot be delivered on schedule. In terms of the market, There is a problem.

PDCA cycle process

[Table 2: Measures formulated by a carton factory for reasons]

Next, enter the next PDCA cycle: - P2 stage - Target setting: Complete the debugging work of the previous version in 15 minutes and produce the first product to be inspected. - Current situation survey: The captain is responsible for partial adjustment and review, and the first and second auxiliary assists in completing the upper version and other work. There are problems such as many tasks, different sizes of the plate lining, and large errors in the plate base. - Plan measures: Re-dividing the labor, the captain is responsible for adjusting and reviewing the dimensions of the front gear, pressure, etc., the second auxiliary is responsible for the groove size and assisting in the introduction of the plate, the classification storage and collection of the plate lining, and the improvement of the hanging technology of the plate room. - D2 Stage - Personnel Training and Resource Allocation: Printing unit focuses on training second auxiliary equipment, improve operational skills, rationally allocate human resources, classify and store the plate lining and use labels to control the accuracy of the plate registration. - C2 stage - Effective inspection: After division of labor, the coordination is tacit, the debugging time of the previous version is about 15 minutes, and the goal is achieved, and the daily output of the team single-machine machine is 4,600 square meters. - Phase A2 - Standardization: Include the division of labor and cooperation on the unit in the operating procedures manual, the classification management of the plate lining is included in the 6S on-site management specifications, and the accuracy of the plate registration is included in the process quality assessment standards.

The basic principle of the PDCA cycle is to "strive to excel". Through each cycle, we can consolidate achievements, overcome shortcomings, and achieve continuous improvement in management level.

5.1.1. Conceptual meaning

5.1.2. Main content

5.1.3. Application steps

5.1.4. SDCA cycle and PDCA cycle