Fixed-in management originated in Japan and was founded by Mr. Aoki Kameo, the civilized production instructor of the Aoki Nengsu (Industrial Engineering) Research Institute in Japan. Since the 1950s, he proposed this new concept based on the practice of production site management of Japanese enterprises. Later, Japanese enterprise management expert Mr. Chihiro Shimizu developed fixed-site management based on application, summarizing and refining fixed-site management into a scientific management method, and published the book "Introduction to Fixed-site Management" in 1982. Since then, this scientific method has been promoted and applied in many Japanese companies and achieved obvious results. At present, many enterprises in my country have incorporated fixed-location management into an important part of logistics management, and have continuously applied and developed this scientific management method, and achieved practical results.

The so-called fixed-establishment management is a scientific management method for enterprises and institutions to strengthen on-site management and seek systematic improvement. It takes production and work site as the research object, and explores the status of people, objects, places, and information in production factors and their relationship in production and work activities. Through operation research and action research, various items at the production and operation site are placed in a scientific and reasonable position according to the requirements of the process flow, restrictive conditions and usage methods, so that the people, objects and the site are in the best combination state, realizing time to maximize the elimination of unsafe state of matter and the control of unsafe behavior of people, promote safe and civilized production and improve economic benefits.

It takes the scientific setting of objects on site as the premise, and uses a complete information system as the medium to achieve the effective combination of people and objects. By sorting and rectifying the production site and existing items, we will resolutely remove unnecessary items and place needed items in the prescribed position, so that they can be easily obtained and improve work efficiency.

In production activities, there are five major factors: people, machinery, equipment, materials, methods, and environment. From the perspective of safe and civilized production, the most important factors are the two factors of people and things. Only by eliminating the unsafe state of things and controlling the unsafe behavior of people and correctly handling the relationship between people, things and the environment can the accident be controlled.

There are two forms of combination between people and things: direct combination and indirect combination:

Three states of the combination of humans and things:

The above three states are the most ideal in state A, which is most beneficial to safe and civilized production and to improve economic benefits. Therefore, one of the purposes of fixed-set management is to maintain state A for a long time through 5S (organization, rectification, cleaning, cleaning, habit) activities; analyze state B, and improve it gradually approaches or reaches state A; C state, clean up separately according to its specific circumstances, so that all items that have lost contact with production can be cleaned out of the production site and placed in the most reasonable position. In the process of implementing fixed-location management, the handling of state C is a very important and critical task. On the one hand, it can restore some items to its use value; on the other hand, it can free up places and save limited space resources. Promote safe and civilized production.

In production activities, the combination of people and things is the key factor that determines safe and civilized production. However, the state of union between people and things is inseparable from the state of the production site. Therefore, to achieve the best combination of people and things, it is necessary to first deal with the combination between things and places. To this end, the people and objects at the production site must be analyzed, time and action, so that the objects should be fixed in a reasonable position in the place according to the requirements of the process flow and the needs of ensuring safe and civilized production, so as to realize the objects and places. Effective combination, shorten the time and distance of taking things, reduce the ineffective labor of people, promote the optimal combination of people and things, and reduce the occurrence of accidents.

The scientific combination form of place and object: In the production site, based on the regularity of logistics movement, based on the principle of combining people and objects and making full use of the place space, the location of objects is scientifically determined. This is the place and object a scientific way of combining. There are two basic forms of the combination of places and objects:

There are three states of a place: The state of a place can be divided into three types:

In production activities, it is impossible for many objects to be directly combined with each other, but most of them are in an indirect state of bonding. To achieve the scientific combination of people and things, we must rely on the guidance and confirmation of information media.

Classification and function of information media: Information is all things that exist objectively, and all the knowledge contents that can be transmitted and exchanged in messages, intelligence, data and signals that occur through material carriers. In production activities, information plays a role in guiding, controlling and confirming the logistics of targeted items. Generally speaking, information can be divided into four categories: instructional information, standard information, guiding information and confirmatory information, collectively referred to as information flow. In fixed-location management, the specific information used can be divided into two categories: guiding information and confirmatory information:

The use of information media in the location system:

The so-called logistics system refers to the entire process from the entry and output of raw materials into the factory and the entry and output of each process according to the process flow. The quality of a logistics system is determined by the mutual relationship between the people, objects, places, and information media that constitute the system.

A good workplace is the basis for smooth logistics. During the production process, various products must go through a series of processes. In order to make full use of space and time and achieve efficient efficiency of the logistics system, it is necessary to arrange the handling route of the workplace and clarify the inspection area, parking area and storage. The site, etc., enables the processing object to flow in a good environment.

Information media reflects the location, characteristics and status of the object in a timely and accurate manner, which is the prerequisite for the logistics system to achieve order and efficiency. Information media combines the people, objects and places in the logistics system, and flows according to the route, time, quantity, quality and standards specified by the information, so as to promote continuous production activities according to the predetermined plan and goals. Proceed rhythmically.

The rational placement of items, the rational configuration of processing objects and processing means objects, and the effective combination of people and objects are the main body of the logistics system. Only when the object of processing has a reasonable position and can the object of processing be properly configured with the means of processing can the operator shorten the time for picking up the items in each process position, facilitate operation, reduce or eliminate ineffective labor, reduce labor intensity and reduce risk factors.

The content of fixed-set management is large and wide. According to its principles and the practical experience of advanced enterprises, the formula can be expressed by: "The objects are divided into four categories and positioned according to the diagram; ABCD, which is often replaced by waste; different colors, red, blue, yellow and black; Adhere to fixed-setting is the best of civilization.”

Things are divided into four categories, that is, according to the combination status of people and objects on the scene, items are divided into four types:

The above four types of items are placed in a reasonable position according to the fixed map, and signs are set according to the standards to ensure that the pictures and objects are consistent.

Site setting: Through process analysis and operation research, scientific and reasonable division of production areas, greening areas, sanitary areas and item stacking areas, etc., and design reasonable setting drawings according to requirements to make the area, process and production site orderly. The production site must also be divided into storage areas such as raw materials, semi-finished products, finished products, maintenance products, and waste products to prevent chaos; safety channels should be set up according to standards and marked clearly; management systems must be formulated in greening areas, sanitary areas and various item stacking areas. Implement responsibilities and conduct regular assessments.

Fixing of equipment: Through action research, time research and process flow analysis, the electromechanical equipment is optimized and combined, and the work station equipment is arranged reasonably; the height of the workbench and the operating table must be appropriate; for consumable parts, be prepared in advance and set in the spare parts of the equipment In the box; various materials and spare parts should be placed in the designated container next to the machine or assembly line according to the required amount required by the production process, and should be supplemented regularly according to the amount required by each shift.

Fixed placement of special items: special placement for flammable, explosive, toxic and harmful items polluting the environment, as well as unsafe workplaces to prevent accidents, control pollution, and achieve safe and civilized production.

Fixed warehouse management: By adjusting the location of items, the various items in the warehouse are placed in an orderly manner, with accurate positioning and neat standard, thus promoting warehouse management to be safer and more civilized, giving full play to the functions of the warehouse, and ensuring that at the specified time Within, accurately and timely provide the required number of materials, parts, etc. to the production process.

Fixing of toolbox: Determine the standardization standards and placement location of toolboxes and the scientific and standardized stacking of items in the box.

Operator's Fixing: Every operator must stick to his or her own operating position according to the division of labor of the process and position. He or she is not allowed to interfere with a job, especially for special operations. He or she must be certified to work.

The scope of fixed-set management is different, and fixed-set management can be divided into five types:

System-wide fixed-location management: that is, implement fixed-location management in all systems and departments of the entire enterprise.

Regional fixed-location management: that is, the production site is divided into several fixed-location areas according to the process flow, and fixed-location management is implemented for each area.

Functional department fixed management: that is, the functional departments of the enterprise implement fixed management of various items and documents.

Warehouse fixed management: that is, implement fixed management of the stored items in the warehouse.

Special fixed-location management: that is, fixed-location management of weak links that affect quality and safety, including flammable and explosive, toxic substances with deterioration, etc.

The main basis for implementing fixed-location management is the production system goal, that is, storage costs, labor, idle equipment and management costs are kept at a certain level, achieving the expected production volume, and meeting the production capacity needs for the future period. Secondly, the requirements of the processing process and the effective space at the production site are also the main basis for carrying out fixed-location management. The main principles of fixed-location management are as follows:

Comply with process requirements, through design and adjustment, the people, objects and information on the production site can reach the best state and meet the process flow.

Taking safety as the premise, ensure safe operation, safe placement of items, proper protection, unobstructed roads and convenient fire fighting.

Comply with the standards stipulated in environmental protection and labor protection.

Implement the principle of saving, adapt to local conditions, use existing conditions, and spend less money and do more work.

Following the dynamic principle, fixed storage and places should change with changes in production and operation.

Clarify the scope of fixed-level management and implement the fixed-level management responsibility system.

Optimize the placement of items.

Items that are not related to production or work shall not be placed in production and work.

Formulate floor plan of indoor items.

Items must have complete and standardized labels and logos.

5.3.1. Establish an organization and train personnel

5.3.2. Research on process routes

5.3.3. Conduct on-site investigation and analysis of the state of combining people and objects

5.3.4. Fixed-location management design

5.3.5. Customized implementation

5.3.6. Fixed-set inspection and assessment

Fixed management is a dynamic system, and requires the use of a variety of basic techniques to scientifically analyze the site and design it:

On-site diagnosis: analyze the on-site status, find out the problems and causes, design the plan to achieve the predetermined management goals, and determine the tools and methods that need to be managed in a fixed manner.

Operation research and analysis: study the location of operators and machines, determine fixed tool items, analyze operator actions, improve work efficiency, and establish a reasonable production order.

Process analysis: According to the processing and processing process of objects, analyze them in different links, determine reasonable processes and transportation routes, and realize the integration of people, objects and places.

Action analysis: Study the actions of the operator, optimize the combination of people and objects, and make the operation standardized, the item setting standardized, and the combination of people and objects and places efficient.

Environmental factors analysis: Improve environmental factors that do not meet national environmental standards to achieve the standards.

background

Ideas and methods

Implement fixed management from the actual situation

Effect