MindMap Gallery Basic knowledge of commonly used plastic materials
Basic knowledge of commonly used plastic materials, mainly introduces the advantages and disadvantages of many commonly used plastic materials, density, common surface treatment, connection methods, scope of application and injection molding treatment processes. Each material has a detailed description of its characteristics for easy understanding and memory.
Edited at 2025-03-06 11:07:42Rumi: 10 dimensions of spiritual awakening. When you stop looking for yourself, you will find the entire universe because what you are looking for is also looking for you. Anything you do persevere every day can open a door to the depths of your spirit. In silence, I slipped into the secret realm, and I enjoyed everything to observe the magic around me, and didn't make any noise. Why do you like to crawl when you are born with wings? The soul has its own ears and can hear things that the mind cannot understand. Seek inward for the answer to everything, everything in the universe is in you. Lovers do not end up meeting somewhere, and there is no parting in this world. A wound is where light enters your heart.
Chronic heart failure is not just a problem of the speed of heart rate! It is caused by the decrease in myocardial contraction and diastolic function, which leads to insufficient cardiac output, which in turn causes congestion in the pulmonary circulation and congestion in the systemic circulation. From causes, inducement to compensation mechanisms, the pathophysiological processes of heart failure are complex and diverse. By controlling edema, reducing the heart's front and afterload, improving cardiac comfort function, and preventing and treating basic causes, we can effectively respond to this challenge. Only by understanding the mechanisms and clinical manifestations of heart failure and mastering prevention and treatment strategies can we better protect heart health.
Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a phenomenon that cellular function and metabolic disorders and structural damage will worsen after organs or tissues restore blood supply. Its main mechanisms include increased free radical generation, calcium overload, and the role of microvascular and leukocytes. The heart and brain are common damaged organs, manifested as changes in myocardial metabolism and ultrastructural changes, decreased cardiac function, etc. Prevention and control measures include removing free radicals, reducing calcium overload, improving metabolism and controlling reperfusion conditions, such as low sodium, low temperature, low pressure, etc. Understanding these mechanisms can help develop effective treatment options and alleviate ischemic injury.
Rumi: 10 dimensions of spiritual awakening. When you stop looking for yourself, you will find the entire universe because what you are looking for is also looking for you. Anything you do persevere every day can open a door to the depths of your spirit. In silence, I slipped into the secret realm, and I enjoyed everything to observe the magic around me, and didn't make any noise. Why do you like to crawl when you are born with wings? The soul has its own ears and can hear things that the mind cannot understand. Seek inward for the answer to everything, everything in the universe is in you. Lovers do not end up meeting somewhere, and there is no parting in this world. A wound is where light enters your heart.
Chronic heart failure is not just a problem of the speed of heart rate! It is caused by the decrease in myocardial contraction and diastolic function, which leads to insufficient cardiac output, which in turn causes congestion in the pulmonary circulation and congestion in the systemic circulation. From causes, inducement to compensation mechanisms, the pathophysiological processes of heart failure are complex and diverse. By controlling edema, reducing the heart's front and afterload, improving cardiac comfort function, and preventing and treating basic causes, we can effectively respond to this challenge. Only by understanding the mechanisms and clinical manifestations of heart failure and mastering prevention and treatment strategies can we better protect heart health.
Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a phenomenon that cellular function and metabolic disorders and structural damage will worsen after organs or tissues restore blood supply. Its main mechanisms include increased free radical generation, calcium overload, and the role of microvascular and leukocytes. The heart and brain are common damaged organs, manifested as changes in myocardial metabolism and ultrastructural changes, decreased cardiac function, etc. Prevention and control measures include removing free radicals, reducing calcium overload, improving metabolism and controlling reperfusion conditions, such as low sodium, low temperature, low pressure, etc. Understanding these mechanisms can help develop effective treatment options and alleviate ischemic injury.
Basic knowledge of commonly used plastic materials
ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer)
advantage
Good mechanical properties and impact resistance
Easy to process and color
Good dimensional stability
shortcoming
Poor heat resistance
Relaxed by ultraviolet rays
modified
Add rubber to increase impact strength
Add glass fiber to enhance rigidity and heat resistance
density
Generally, it is 1.03-1.07 g/cm³
Common surface treatments
Spray paint
plating
Vacuum coating
Connection method
Ultrasonic welding
Hot plate welding
Threaded connection
Scope of application
Auto parts
Household appliances
Electronic equipment housing
Injection molding process
Dry treatment to avoid hydrolysis
Injection molding temperature is generally between 200-260°C
PP (polypropylene)
advantage
Good chemical stability
Higher melting point
Good heat and impact resistance
shortcoming
Poor low temperature resistance
Low surface hardness, easy to scratch
modified
Add filler to improve rigidity and strength
Add rubber to improve impact performance
density
Generally, it is 0.89-0.91 g/cm³
Common surface treatments
Thermal transfer printing
Connection method
Ultrasonic welding
Vibration welding
Hot plate welding
Scope of application
Packaging materials
Car interior parts
Household plastic products
Injection molding process
Injection molding temperature is generally between 190-240°C
Need a good mold cooling system
PE (polyethylene)
advantage
Good flexibility and low temperature resistance
Good electrical insulation performance
shortcoming
Poor heat resistance
Low surface hardness
modified
Add filler to improve rigidity and strength
Add crosslinking agent to improve heat resistance
density
Low-density polyethylene (LDPE): 0.91-0.94 g/cm³
High-density polyethylene (HDPE): 0.94-0.97 g/cm³
Common surface treatments
Thermal transfer printing
Connection method
Hot plate welding
Vibration welding
Scope of application
Packaging film
Pipes and containers
Daily necessities
Injection molding process
Injection molding temperature is generally between 180-240°C
Need a good mold cooling system
PVC (polyvinyl chloride)
advantage
Good chemical corrosion resistance
Good electrical insulation performance
shortcoming
Possible release of harmful substances during processing
Poor heat resistance
modified
Add plasticizer to improve flexibility
Add stabilizers to improve weather resistance
density
Generally, 1.3-1.4 g/cm³
Common surface treatments
Thermal transfer printing
Connection method
welding
Threaded connection
Scope of application
Pipes and pipes
Wire and cable insulation layer
Building materials
Injection molding process
Injection molding temperature is generally between 160-200°C
Specific molds and equipment are required
PA (polyamide, nylon)
advantage
Good mechanical properties and wear resistance
Good heat resistance and chemical corrosion resistance
shortcoming
Strong hygroscopicity, dimensional stability affected
Relaxed by ultraviolet rays
modified
Add glass fiber to enhance rigidity and heat resistance
Add flame retardant to improve flame retardant performance
density
Generally, it is 1.04-1.15 g/cm³
Common surface treatments
Spray paint
plating
Connection method
Ultrasonic welding
Hot plate welding
Threaded connection
Scope of application
Mechanical parts
Electronic and electrical components
Automotive parts
Injection molding process
Dry treatment to reduce hygroscopicity
Injection molding temperature is generally between 240-290°C
POM (polyformaldehyde)
advantage
Extremely high hardness and rigidity
Good dimensional stability and wear resistance
shortcoming
Poor heat resistance
Suitable for strong acids and alkalis
modified
Add filler to improve wear resistance and rigidity
Add lubricant to improve processing performance
density
Generally, it is 1.41-1.43 g/cm³
Common surface treatments
Spray paint
plating
Connection method
Ultrasonic welding
Hot plate welding
Scope of application
Precision mechanical parts
Gears and bearings
Faucet and valve components
Injection molding process
Injection molding temperature is generally between 170-210°C
Need a good mold cooling system
PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate, acrylic)
advantage
Excellent transparency and gloss
Good weather resistance and chemical corrosion resistance
shortcoming
Poor heat resistance
Prone to scratches
modified
Add UV stabilizer to improve weather resistance
Add impact modifiers to improve toughness
density
Generally at 1.181.20 g/cm³
Common surface treatments
Spray paint
Thermal transfer printing
Connection method
Bonding
Threaded connection
Scope of application
Lampshades and lighting equipment
Building decorative materials
Instrument surface panel
Injection molding process
Injection molding temperature is generally between 200-240°C
Need a good mold cooling system
PC (polycarbonate)
advantage
Extremely high impact strength and heat resistance
Good transparency and electrical insulation properties
shortcoming
Relaxed by ultraviolet rays
Prone to stress during processing
modified
Add UV stabilizer to improve weather resistance
Add impact modifiers to improve toughness
density
Generally, it is 1.20-1.22 g/cm³
Common surface treatments
Spray paint
plating
Connection method
Ultrasonic welding
Hot plate welding
Threaded connection
Scope of application
Hard hats and protective masks
Optical lenses and lenses
Electronic and electrical housing
Injection molding process
Dry treatment to reduce hygroscopicity
Injection molding temperature is generally between 260-320°C
PS (polystyrene)
advantage
Good transparency and gloss
Good electrical insulation performance
shortcoming
High brittleness and poor impact resistance
Poor heat resistance