cognitive process

emotion affective process

volitional process

Notice (The companion state is not independent)

personality psychological tendencies

personality psychological characteristics

structure of nervous system

reflection

Basic process: excitement (nerve cells are in an active state eg: learning) Inhibition (nerve cells in a state of reduced activity, eg: sleep)

Basic rules

Supplement: suppress

It marks the departure of psychology from philosophy and embarks on the path of independent development, which means the birth of scientific psychology.

Oppose research consciousness and advocate research behavior

Oppose introspection and adopt experimental methods

"Psychology from a Behaviorist's Perspective" announces the birth of behaviorism

Study abnormal behavior and unconsciousness, and propose "preconscious" and "subconscious"

Advocates three levels of personality structure: "id, self, superego"

Theory of sexual evil, iceberg theory, theory of sexual desire

Propose libido (sexual instinct), life instinct, death instinct

Human nature is kind

Pay attention to the value of people, people have free will and the need for self-realization, and advocate the development of human potential

Think "behaviorism" is "childish psychology"; think "psychoanalysis" is "disability psychology"

He advocates the study of human direct experience, that is, consciousness, and divides consciousness into three elements: feeling, imagination, and passion. All complex psychological phenomena are composed of these elements.

He advocates experimental introspection to find out the elements and processes of human psychology, but ignores individual differences and is divorced from social life.

Emphasize that the basic task of psychology is to understand the psychological laws of normal adults

He advocates the study of consciousness and does not regard consciousness as a collection of elements. He believes that consciousness is a continuous "stream of consciousness"

Emphasis on the study of the functions of consciousness (practical)

Consciousness is the medium through which organisms adapt to their environment

James' first demonstration psychology laboratory in the United States, Hall's first demonstration psychology laboratory in the United States

Opposing the analysis of consciousness into elements and emphasizing the meaning of psychology as a whole

Gestalt→German whole gestalt The whole is greater than the sum of its parts, the whole is good

information processing psychology

Birth symbol: 1967, Neisser's "Cognitive Psychology" in the United States

Treat psychological activities as information processing systems, human brain = computer, use computers to crack the human brain

Emphasis on the active role of consciousness and human subjective initiative