Group form: Colony: an independent group with a certain shape visible to the naked eye. The colonies are connected together and are called lawn, lawn>colony

Bacteria: Invisible to the naked eye, also called single cells

Gram stain: positive bacteria - blue-purple

Acts on cell wall negative bacteria - red

Functions: ① Maintain bacterial shape and strength, tolerate hypotonic environment ② Prevent harmful substances from entering and maintain internal and external balance ③ Participate in normal division

Basic structure: phospholipid bilayer with protein embedded in it (electron microscope observation)

Function: Maintain normal osmotic pressure in cells (promote reaction acceleration), and exchange internal and external reactions

The cell membrane is damaged and the cell will die

Definition: All materials within the cell membrane except nucleoids

Function: A place where bacteria carry out nutritional metabolism (metabolism) and synthesize nucleic acids and proteins.

Definition: Contains the genetic genes of bacteria that control the inheritance and variation of bacteria (important parts of bacteria)

Function: Nucleosome controls bacterial morphology

The surrounding turbidity is motility

Clear and transparent without flagella surrounding it

Sexual pili: The F2 plasmid carries a virulence factor and is related to bacterial conjugative transfer.

Ordinary pili: Divided into 6 types, except for F2 pili, the other ordinary pili are adherent to the epithelial cell membranes on the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract, digestive tract and genitourinary tract, enter and invade cells