primary

Secondary: hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, Cushing's syndrome, type 1 diabetes

Sex hormone deficiency: estrogen - postmenopausal osteoporosis. Androgens - Senile

Decreased peak bone mass—impaired sexual maturation; decreased bone remodeling

Lower back pain or general bone pain.

Bone pain is usually diffuse

No tender points can be found on examination

The pain is relieved when lying on your back or sitting; the pain is worsened when you stand upright, stretch or stand for a long time.

The pain is mild during the day and worsens at night and when you wake up in the morning.

Fatigue often worsens after exertion or activity

Decreased weight-bearing ability or inability to bear weight.

Fractures caused by slight activities

Spinal compression fractures—most common in postmenopausal ops—cause hunchback and short stature, often occurring after sudden low back pain

Hip fracture - mostly in the femoral neck - more common in senile OP

Kyphosis and thoracic deformities - respiratory, upper respiratory tract infections

Hip - infection, cardiovascular

Fasting urinary calcium or 24h urinary calcium output - the simplest method to reflect the status of bone resorption.

Reasonable diet: Appropriate addition of calcium, vitamin DAC, and iron. Low sodium, high potassium, high calcium,

Calcium supplements and vitamin D

Strengthen exercise

Correct bad living habits

Avoid antiepileptic drugs, phenytoin, and phenobarbital

Pain - aspirin, indomethacin

Fracture or intractable pain - calcitonin (analgesic to inhibit bone resorption)

Deformity - local fixation or other orthopedic measures

Fracture - traction, fixation, reduction, surgery, early physical and rehabilitation treatment

Sex hormone supplements: Estrogen – for postmenopausal women. Androgens-senile men

Bisphosphonates: not suitable for long-term use in senile OP

Interventional treatment - minimally invasive spine, cone shaping

Prevent falls

psychological care

Medication care

Rest: hard bed for 1 week

Symptoms: tight clothing (orthopedics), moist hot compress massage, etc.

Medication: Indomethacin, aspirin after meals

Interventional surgical care