There is a saying that there is no glue without formaldehyde, and no paint without benzene. During the production process of latex paint, benzene, formaldehyde, heavy metals, etc. are inevitably added. One of the environmental measurement standards for finished latex paint is the VOC value (volatile organic compounds). The smaller the value, the more environmentally friendly. The national standard is that the VOC value of qualified products is <200g/L. This value will be marked in the product test report.

Wallpapers are mostly made of raw wood pulp. Qualified wallpaper products themselves will hardly emit harmful substances. The main pollution comes from the auxiliary materials used for wallpapering - base film (chemicals used for wall pretreatment) and wallpaper glue. Be careful, these two things will be explained in detail later.

Finally, there are other performance comparisons between the two. There is almost no latex paint that does not crack, and wallpaper and wallpaper glue can protect the wall very well due to its tension; however, damage to the latex paint wall can be repaired, but damage to the wallpaper is difficult to repair; latex paint The price is approachable. Mid-range domestic paint is the choice of most families. Wallpaper is relatively more expensive, both in terms of materials and labor.

First of all, you need to know how much wallpaper you need. Wallpaper is generally a roll with a width of 0.53 meters and a length of 10 meters. That is, each roll of wallpaper can cover a wall of 5.3 square meters, excluding losses.

If you need to match the pattern, the larger and more complex the pattern, the greater the loss, and margins need to be left in corners, walls, and door heads. The specific situation requires detailed analysis.

There is a simpler and rough calculation method: multiply the building area by 3, which is the area to be wallpapered.

Pure paper is formed by using natural wood fiber as raw material to make pulp, filtering, pressing and drying the pulp.

Non-woven fabrics often use natural fibers such as cotton and linen, mixed with synthetic fibers to arrange them in a directional or disordered manner, and then use physical (acupuncture, spunlace) or chemical (additive bonding) methods to press the fibers into shape.

From the inside out, the wall is usually divided into cement layer, gypsum layer and putty layer. The putty layer is not suitable for directly installing wallpaper. Therefore, it is necessary to pre-treat the wall with base film to strengthen the wall, prevent mildew and moisture, make the wall suitable for installation, and facilitate the replacement of wallpaper in the future.

The base film is generally white emulsion with a slightly pungent smell. After the base film is completely dry, ventilation should be carried out in time to reduce air pollution. Some people will use cheap varnish instead of the base film, which is undesirable and causes greater pollution.

In order to improve the performance of the glue, wallpaper glue often adds volatile organic solvents containing formaldehyde during the production process. Take starch glue as an example: the starch content in the original starch glue is relatively high, but the viscosity is relatively poor, and it takes a long time to fully It is dry and has average firmness. At the same time, the problem is that the relatively long drying time makes the high-content starch more likely to mold and deteriorate, affecting the bonding effect.

The proportion of organic solvents is generally less than 3%, which can not only improve the viscosity of starch glue, greatly shorten the drying time, and reduce the possibility of mildew, but also a small amount of volatile substances can be removed by opening windows for ventilation after drying. .

There is almost no wallpaper glue that is completely non-toxic. It is nothing more than the relationship between dosage and toxicity. Qualified products are also minimally harmful to the human body. So don't believe the blind boasts of merchants. When purchasing, you have to make a balance between the adhesive effect and the level of environmental protection.

According to the construction operation method, wallpaper glue is divided into four types: glue plus glue powder, wet glue, barrel glue and glue powder-free.

If a single textile is directly pasted on the wall, because the gaps in the textile are relatively large, it will be very easy to seep through, which is the so-called "glue penetration". Therefore, the wall covering is not simply a layer of cloth.

Most wall coverings have a composite structure, at least three layers, from the inside to the outside, the bottom layer, the adhesive layer, and the surface layer. The adhesive layer is glue, only about 0.2mm thick, through which the bottom layer and the surface layer are hot-pressed together.

The bottom layer is usually paper or non-woven fabric. Both materials can be well glued to the wall and can alleviate the problem of glue penetration. In terms of air permeability, the bottom non-woven fabric is better than paper, so the price is often more expensive (of course, imported paper is not cheap either).

The surface layer is cloth, including natural cotton, linen, silk, and synthetic fiber blended cotton and linen.

Mainly refers to the craftsmanship of the wall cloth surface, including printing, jacquard, embroidery, etc.

Sometimes in order to give the wall covering more characteristics, other functional layers are added on top of the three layers, such as a flame retardant layer, an anti-scratch protective layer, an anti-bacterial layer, a waterproof layer, etc.

Textile itself is a very environmentally friendly material, with almost no volatile harmful substances. Unless the wall covering has a complex structure, many layers, and a large number of adhesive layers (glue layers), it will slightly weaken the environmental protection.

Wall covering pollution mainly comes from the base film and glue used to install wall coverings. (The basement membrane has been mentioned above)

Glutinous rice glue is currently the most commonly used glue for wall covering installation. It sounds very natural and environmentally friendly. In fact, whether it is potato glue or glutinous rice glue, it really has nothing to do with potato starch, because the final active ingredient is just starch.

Some brands claim that "adding activated carbon and photocatalyst to the surface of the wall covering can adsorb and decompose formaldehyde in the air." This is just a publicity stunt. In fact, the effect is very limited. The best way to remove formaldehyde is always: after applying it After the wall covering is completely dry, open the window for ventilation.

Particularly worth mentioning are wall coverings with complex structures and many layers. Because such wall coverings have a larger overall weight, in order to be firmly attached to the wall, the amount of glue used during installation will inevitably increase, making it more likely to cause environmental problems. It is also necessary to ensure the quality of the glue and extend the ventilation time.

In addition, since glutinous rice glue contains starch, mold and deterioration are also possible problems. Fortunately, wall coverings have better air permeability and the possibility of mold is lower (compared to wallpaper).

The price of wall coverings is generally calculated based on square meters. Polyester blended materials are about 100 yuan/㎡. Color, waterproofness, antibacterial properties, etc. are the main factors that affect the price.

Hot glue wall covering is a wall covering with its own adhesive. It is heated by ironing on the front of the wall covering to melt the adhesive and stick it on the wall. It requires a steam iron and is inconvenient to operate (especially in the inner corners of walls and switch sockets). It may bulge or even fall off when the temperature is high. The advantage is that the glue generally does not show through, and the cloth surface is relatively smooth after completion.

Nowadays, cold glue wall covering is a more popular construction method, which is to apply glue on the base film, then cover it with wall covering and scrape it firmly, which simplifies the operation a lot. Pay attention to the colorful wall coverings, which must be accurately aligned and cut on the ground before being installed.

The seamless wall covering has a fixed height and a fixed width, and needs to be cut into place at one time when posting, leaving room for doors and windows. Usually two people are needed to hang the cloth. The wall cloth must be stretched and flattened as much as possible before pressing. Otherwise, skirt pleats will easily appear. At this time, the wall cloth must be lifted and re-pasted.

Diatoms are single-celled organisms that live in the ocean and are amazingly capable of absorbing free silicon into their cell walls. After the diatom mud dies, these cell walls will not decompose but will settle, and then become diatomaceous earth.

As single-celled organisms, diatoms are extremely small in size. The diatomaceous earth deposited by the diatom cell walls has extremely small pores between each other. This is the biggest advantage of diatomaceous earth.

Then let’s talk about this “mud”. Diatom mud is not composed of 100% diatomaceous earth because diatomaceous earth itself is not adhesive. To put it bluntly, it just can’t be painted on the wall.

At this time, you need to add something to increase the adhesiveness. These adhesive things are called "inorganic cementitious materials". The inorganic gelling materials used in diatom mud are mainly white cement, lime calcium, gypsum or other active mineral materials. With these things, diatom mud can be firmly painted on the wall like other wall decoration materials.

At this time, photocatalyst appeared. The so-called photocatalyst is actually a catalyst (mostly titanium dioxide) that can decompose formaldehyde under ultraviolet irradiation.

So, by adding titanium dioxide to diatom mud, formaldehyde can be sucked in, decomposed, adsorbed, and decomposed again? It's theoretically possible, but the remaining chemistry knowledge from high school tells you that many catalyst reactions seem to require reaction conditions. Otherwise, if you get some photocatalyst, you can get rid of formaldehyde, and formaldehyde will not become a serious problem for many friends when decorating.

The reaction condition required for the photocatalyst to decompose formaldehyde is: ultraviolet irradiation. In most people’s homes, it is difficult for photocatalysts to decompose formaldehyde. Therefore, don’t think about using photocatalysts to remove formaldehyde~

It is porous and can absorb formaldehyde and water molecules. And it is an inorganic material itself, so it is not prone to mold. And to a certain extent, diatom mud walls can also regulate air humidity~

Diatom mud can be made into various shapes and a series of patterns you want to make. This is probably the biggest use of diatom mud. I won’t explain much about the appearance issue.

Diatom mud is still a bit rough, and its adsorption capacity is extremely strong. Unlike latex paint on the wall, children can paint whatever they want and it can be wiped off with some water. Diatom mud won't work. Once it gets dirty, it's best to wipe it off with an eraser, but it's generally difficult to clean it off.

Many friends have also purchased foot pads made of diatom mud. The water absorption performance is indeed first-class and very useful. But after using it a few times, you will find that once the foot pads made of diatom mud become dirty, the degree of difficulty in taking care of them is directly proportional to its super water-absorbing performance. Very difficult to clean.

The surface of diatom mud is easily damaged and is very difficult to repair. If you have children at home who like to use their hands and feet, you’d better give it more thought~

It is made from natural logs after drying and processing. It usually starts at 300~400 yuan/㎡, with no upper limit.

There are many advantages: the texture is natural and beautiful; it feels comfortable when you step on the wood; it is a poor conductor of heat, keeping it warm in winter and cool in summer; it is not afraid of wear and tear. The so-called "worn out" means that the paint on the surface has worn off, and it can still be used with new paint. ; No glue, no formaldehyde (except for a very small amount of formaldehyde contained in wood species).

The disadvantages are also obvious: delicate. Jiao means that solid wood has poor stability, expands with heat, shrinks with cold, and swells with moisture. In severe cases, it may separate from seams, warp, arch, or even crack; expensive means that solid wood flooring not only has the highest price among the three types of flooring, but also needs to be used in the future. Maintenance costs.

Solid wood composite flooring is a derivative of solid wood flooring. It generally costs 150~400 yuan/㎡. It is divided into three layers and multiple layers (the number of layers is usually an odd number). It is made of solid wood surface layer, base material core layer and bottom layer, and is pressed with glue in the middle. .

The surface layer is usually made of high-quality wood species with hard texture and beautiful texture. The core layer and bottom layer are usually made of pine, poplar and other soft woods. The layers are staggered horizontally and vertically and restrained with each other, which is more stable than solid wood flooring.

For multi-layered ones, the surface layer is usually 0.6~3mm thick; for three-layered ones, the surface layer is usually 2~4.5mm thick; only a thick enough surface layer can retain the texture and feel of solid wood to a certain extent.

As for the disadvantages, the laminates of solid wood composite flooring are all pressed with glue (the amount of glue in three layers will be less than that of multiple layers). If there is glue, formaldehyde will be released, and the environmental protection is slightly worse than that of solid wood flooring.

Also called composite flooring and laminate flooring, it generally costs 50 to 150 yuan/㎡. It is made of a wear-resistant layer, a decorative layer, a fiberboard core layer, and a balanced moisture-proof bottom layer.

The decorative layer is made of melamine-impregnated paper, which can imitate all colors, but artificial patterns will be repeated. The higher the brand's craftsmanship level, the lower the pattern repetition rate;

The wear-resistant layer is aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) wear-resistant paper. The degree of wear resistance is expressed by the number of revolutions. Household flooring requires more than 6,000 revolutions. It is precisely because of its existence that the laminate flooring will not leave scratches when scratched with hard objects. Basically, it will not be smashed into small holes, and its service life is as long as 10 to 20 years;

The core layer is made of fast-growing wood or wood processing residues, ground into fibers, added with a large amount of glue, and pressed at high temperatures. It has good stability but poor environmental protection.

Price: solid wood flooring > solid wood composite flooring > laminate flooring

Stability: laminate flooring > solid wood composite flooring > solid wood flooring

Environmental protection: solid wood flooring > three-layer solid wood composite flooring > multi-layer solid wood composite flooring > laminate flooring

Foot feeling: solid wood flooring > three-layer solid wood composite flooring > multi-layer solid wood composite flooring > laminate flooring

1. Select wood species

2. Select the level

3.Choose specifications

4.Identification

To identify whether the surface layer of solid wood composite flooring is really solid wood, the method is also to observe the cross section of the floor, and you can also find that the grain is a continuation of the front.

Also pay attention to identify the thickness of the veneer. Some unscrupulous dealers dare to sell the 0.6mm surface layer as 1mm or 2mm. From the side, the solid veneer seems to be very thick, but it is actually painted with thick paint.

Tips: Laminate flooring impersonates solid wood composite flooring

1.Choose wear-resistant layer

2.Select base material

Many brands will give away baseboards with the floor, but the quality of the gifts may be very poor. For example, they boast about the environmental protection of their solid wood floors, but they end up giving away skirting boards made of density board... If this happens, don’t be greedy. It's cheap, spend a little more money and replace it with better quality.

There are good and bad materials for skirting boards. They are divided into solid wood and density board (which uses more glue). Solid wood is also divided into whole wood strips and spliced ​​wood strips (easy to crack). Whole wood strips are also divided into hard miscellaneous wood. Made of fir (very soft and easy to crack)...

Also called beading and edge stripping, the cost is very low, but under the banner of "exclusive use" for the brand, a strip can be sold for hundreds of yuan... This method of selling floors at low prices and making profits from accessories is a common practice for big brands. The price of playing is tricky.

The buckle strips are used at the junction between the floor and the tiles and at the door of the room. They are used very frequently and are easily damaged. Buckles are divided into metal, plastic and solid wood. It is not advisable to use metal buckles on solid wood floors, because solid wood floors expand and contract greatly, and metal buckles are easy to deform, warp, and fall off.

As for whether the floor should be spread throughout the house or use buckle strips, from the perspective of the owner, it must be considered from the aspects of visual effects, loss saving, floor expansion and contraction, etc. However, merchants often recommend that owners use buckle strips.

It is also called moisture-proof film, mulch film, floor mat treasure, and floor companion. It is usually given as a gift by flooring merchants. Even if it is purchased separately, it is very cheap, usually 0.5~5 yuan/㎡.

It is recommended to use a moisture-proof mat as a barrier between the floor and the ground (or keel), which can effectively prevent ground moisture from entering the floor, increase elasticity and improve foot feel to a certain extent, but it does not have a ground leveling function. The moisture-proof mat should not be too thick, generally 1~2mm is enough, otherwise it will be too elastic and will not be conducive to the stability of the floor.

To ensure the isolation effect: When laying on the edge of the wall, the moisture-proof mat should be folded upward, leaving about 10 centimeters above the edge of the floor; two adjacent moisture-proof mats should also overlap by a few centimeters and be bonded with tape.

Similar to buckles, there is no brand of flooring that requires a certain type of insect-proof powder. "Specialized" is to obtain more profits. For example, a pack of insect-proof powder can be sold for tens of yuan.

Insect-proof powder is made from camphor wood sawdust and is used to control termites (the wooden keels may contain insect eggs), or small insects attracted by moisture or mold in the corners. If there is no termite phenomenon nearby (such as high-rise residential buildings), it does not need to be used.

For the special needs of merchants (such as how to calculate the installation fee for more complex paving methods such as herringbone shops), it is best to write them into the order contract to avoid wrangling in the future;

Merchants are also required to write in all product promises (such as environmental protection standards E1/E0, wood species, origin, etc.). If merchants dare not write it, don't believe it.

You can visit a few more shopping malls and look at a few more brands. After comparison, use the lowest price you can ask for and compete with any one on the market. Basically, you can succeed.

In the flooring manufacturing industry, the general rule is that scale is inversely proportional to cost and directly proportional to quality... To put it bluntly: the bigger the brand, the easier it is to reduce costs and produce higher-quality products.

So, how to identify whether a small brand is reliable? The first is to see if there is an official website; the second is to see if there is a 400 number and it can be connected; the third is to see if it can be searched on a certain website (on the contrary, if there is a store on a certain website but there is no physical store offline, it is basically covered by the Internet. packaging small factory).

Teak has the lowest shrinkage and expansion rates and the best stability. It can be seen that if you use solid wood flooring for floor heating, teak is the most suitable.

After installing floor heating, if you want the room temperature to rise to 20 to 30 degrees in winter, the contact part between the floor and the floor heating will remain at 50 to 60 degrees for a long time. In hot and extremely dry environments, solid wood is at great risk of cracking.

In terms of stability, solid wood flooring is not as good as solid wood composite flooring (three-layered flooring is not as good as multi-layered flooring); laminate flooring is the best, and all products with qualified quality can be used for floor heating.

As mentioned above, the environmental protection of the floor mainly depends on the amount of formaldehyde released, and formaldehyde is usually present in the glue added when producing the floor. The formaldehyde release amount of several common glues is: urea-formaldehyde glue > phenolic glue > isocyanate (MDI glue) > Soybean gum.

The environmental protection standard certification of the floor is tested under normal temperature conditions; in a high-temperature environment, formaldehyde is likely to volatilize in large quantities, causing indoor formaldehyde to exceed the standard. Moreover, phenolic glue is the most widely used in China. In addition to formaldehyde, the volatilization of phenol in it can also cause damage to the human body.

In terms of environmental protection, you should choose flooring with no glue or less glue, and laminate flooring is not suitable.

The thinner the object, the better it conducts heat, so a floor that is too thick is not conducive to heating.

Laminate flooring is the thinnest of the three types of flooring (usually 8mm); solid wood flooring itself is thicker (usually 18mm), and some require keel laying, causing the floor to be suspended above the floor heating and causing greater heat loss.

If you have sufficient budget, choose teak lock flooring (locking does not require keeling), the price is usually more than 600 yuan/㎡;

If you have a limited budget and must use flooring (imitation wood floor tiles are not accepted), choose solid wood composite flooring (three or more layers are acceptable), and try to choose a reliable big brand.

Solid wood flooring and solid wood composite flooring (laminate flooring has slightly lower requirements for installation), three points depend on quality, six points depend on installation, and one point depends on maintenance. Excellent construction is the key to reducing rework and after-sales.

1.Weather

2. Ground leveling

3. The ground is dry

4. Floor cleaning

1. Suspension type

2.Keel type

3. Flat buckle, lock buckle

4. Trial shop

5. Supervision (at the installation site, the owner should pay attention to several aspects)

6.Acceptance

If the floor is too thin, the requirements for the flatness of the ground are much higher. Because if the ground is not flat enough, the floor and the underlying cushion will not fit well, which can easily cause the floor to deform, arch, and make a rattling sound when you step on it.

High requirements for ground flatness require the use of cement self-leveling as an underlayment for wooden floors.

Therefore, when purchasing wooden flooring, you should pay attention to whether this kind of flooring needs to be self-leveling first when installing it. (The cost may be higher if self-leveling is used.)

To put it bluntly, self-leveling is actually a craft. Taking advantage of the flowable properties of the material, spread it on the ground and then let it flow freely to form a flat surface. The surface layer formed can be used as an underlayment for wooden floors.

In addition to being used as a cushion, it can also be used directly as a floor replacement. Although the working principle is similar to that of self-leveling as a floor underlayment, there are still many differences in the actual operation and effects.

There are several popular self-leveling methods currently on the market, including cement self-leveling, epoxy resin self-leveling, cement powder, and the most advanced "Pandomo".

Before starting construction, the treatment of the base layer is very important. Self-leveling does have its own leveling function, but its thickness is really limited. Self-leveling can make the ground very flat, but if there is a difference in height, self-leveling alone cannot do it.

During construction, self-leveling cement slurry is poured directly on the base. If there are large cracks in the base, it is likely that the moisture in the self-leveling will penetrate downstairs through the gaps. Therefore, if there are gaps in the base layer, they must be dealt with.

In actual construction, interface agents are extremely easy to be ignored by master workers. Interface agents can make self-leveling better bonded to the base layer and must not be ignored.

First, be sure to strictly follow the instructions for using self-leveling cement when mixing water. For most construction projects, a bucket of cement mortar cannot be used to finish the house. If there is less water in this bucket and more water in the other bucket, the water in the cement slurry will shrink and evaporate at different times, which is very likely to cause the ground to crack or even crust.

During the construction process, we should also pay attention to "defoaming". If the defoaming is not done well, the finished cement will be self-leveling and will have many white spots, which is very unsightly. There are special tools for defoaming: rollers and spikes.

The construction of cement self-leveling has relatively high temperature requirements. It is not suitable to be too cold or too hot. A temperature of 10-25 degrees is more suitable.

After the construction is completed, the effect is as follows. At this time, be sure not to ventilate it and just let it dry naturally. Otherwise, a few gusts of wind will cause wrinkles... It is self-leveling~

Generally, after the cement self-leveling is done, it will dry completely in about 24 hours.

At present, there are still few people working on construction projects, and even fewer are reliable. If you value the price advantage of self-leveling, you will most likely be disappointed. In actual construction:

1. Today’s labor costs are not low. Although the construction of self-leveling is extremely fast (it may be completed in one day), it generally requires 2-3 workers to construct at the same time.

2. Self-leveling is mostly used in tooling projects. In home decoration projects, the area is small and the price is usually increased.

3. What I said above is just the basics, just the basics! If you add curing agent, polishing, etc... Even if the cement is self-leveling, the cost per square meter may exceed 100 yuan.

4. Cement powder and pandomo? The price has been briefly introduced above, it will only be higher.

When it comes to the choice of flooring, Cathy chose laminate flooring instead of solid wood flooring because solid wood flooring requires keel installation and leveling is troublesome; and the elasticity of solid wood flooring is very different from that of ceramic tiles, and joints are prone to problems.

Because they are small bricks of different colors, the patterns need to be laid out on the computer first, and then the drawings are printed for workers to lay them according to the drawings (it is basically impossible to point the workers to lay the bricks on site with a gradient effect, and the colors will be messed up if they are laid randomly).

When paving, remember to level the ground well, otherwise the height difference between the tiles and the floor will easily occur, which will cause an ugly appearance. After the floor is leveled, you can start to lay the tiles. When laying the tiles, the thickness of the floor should also be considered.

After the tiles are laid, the floor can be laid. At the joints, the master workers cut the floor on site to make the floor and floor tiles seamlessly connected.

The floor at the joints is fixed with glass glue. After fixation, press it with heavy objects at the junction of the floor and floor tiles. Laminated flooring is very thin, and it will easily warp if you just apply glue without pressing it (when buying flooring, you should also check with the merchant first to see if the workers know how to do this kind of construction).

Press it with heavy objects for a day or two, and then just do the beautiful seams.

A: The size of the toilet door was wrong, so it couldn't be installed when it was shipped for installation. It took about a month to rework, transport and rearrange the installation. There was a serious problem when the bathroom wall tiles were caulked. The black caulking agent would seep into the tiles, making it difficult for the master to caulk. Later, the responsible master slowly drove in bit by bit and finally solved the problem.

A: First, you need to communicate more and make it clear to the construction team or foreman. You need to confirm every step before doing it, because many construction workers will make their own opinions and do some things according to their own understanding. This will cause you You will have to bear the cost of dismantling your own losses, so this is very important and must be confirmed.

Second, when signing the contract, write clearly that you will not pay for any additional items that are not part of your will. This can avoid additional items that you are not aware of.

The height of the baseboard is mostly around 8cm. To be honest, this height is really embarrassing, and it’s also aesthetically exhausting, with no highlights. If you want your home's baseboards to look better, you might as well break this routine.

Shorter and more refined.

Or, get high.

Moreover, the skirting line connects the floor and the wall, and the door will also affect the choice of skirting line color. It’s nothing more than the same color as the door, the same color as the wall, and the same color as the floor. And if you are really stuck on the choice of color, consider white~

Tuck the skirting into the wall, which is the so-called recessed/installed skirting.

When installing, open a horizontal groove at the bottom of the wall, and then install the skirting line into the groove. After the construction is completed, the skirting line and the wall will be perfectly integrated and on the same plane.

Beauty is beautiful, but be careful. On the one hand, when excavating horizontal grooves on the wall, be careful not to touch the reinforced concrete, otherwise it may affect the structure of the wall. It is best to excavate horizontal grooves only on the leveling layer and do not cut the steel bars or anything else. And the wall may not be vertical. When digging trenches, the depth must be calculated clearly to reduce errors.

Moreover, this kind of embedded operation also has requirements for the material of the baseboard. Wooden baseboards are more complicated. Wooden materials are not easy to bond with plaster and putty. And although it is said to be a seamless link, there is always a connection. If it is sewn, it will crack easily over time~

There is a gap between the skirting board and the wall. It really has nothing to do with the skirting board. The main reason is the problem of the wall. If the wall is uneven, the skirting board will have difficulty fitting the wall, so it will cause gap.

Usually when this happens, you can only ask the master to apply a little more glue to cover it up.

The bathroom floor is a place where water often flows. In order to prevent water from flowing into other spaces, the floor height of the bathroom is lower than that of other spaces. This also leads to the fact that when there is a lot of water on the bathroom floor, the water can easily seep into the living room floor or the bottom of the floor tiles from the side. Therefore, a door stone should be made at the bathroom door, and it should be higher than the bathroom floor to maintain the waterproof integrity of the bathroom.

As shown in the picture below, if the ceramic tiles in the bathroom are in direct contact with the wooden floor outside the bathroom, water will slowly penetrate into the wooden floor and even other places, causing the wooden floor to arch and the wall to become damp.

At this time, if the door stone is placed between the two, it can block the water. Place a doorstep between the wooden floor and the ceramic tiles. Because the doorstep is made of stone, it has the function of isolating water, so it can play a very good role in waterproofing.

Although the moisture on the surface is blocked by the stepping stone, the water under the stepping stone may still penetrate. At this time, add a water-stop pier under the door stone, and then paint the water-stop pier with waterproofing. The water-stop pier and door stone provide double insurance.

If you still want to be a little safer, you can try this inverted U-shaped stepping stone. The inverted U-shaped doorstep stone and water-stop pier are the most perfect combination to solve the problem of water seepage at the door. However, most people still use the straight-shaped doorstep stone, and very few people use the inverted U-shaped doorstep stone.

Regarding Zhishui Dun, I would like to say a few more words.

In addition to being used to waterproof and pave the doorstep under the door, it also has an important function, which is to serve as a transition between the inside and outside of the door.

Kitchens and bathrooms are generally tiled, and the floors in other spaces generally have three options: full tiles, tile-wood floors, and full floors.

①Wooden floor and floor tiles

②Full floor tiles

③Full floor

There are no door stones between wooden floors, but buckles.

Fasteners can also be used to cover gaps between wooden floors and floor tiles. It is almost the mainstream practice now. Using fasteners with colors similar to the floor or floor tiles is also very beautiful.

You can also turn the wooden floor sideways to serve as a doorway, which will look better.

Or use ceramic tiles. There are usually leftover ceramic tiles for home decoration. You can cut ceramic tiles that are the same size as the door opening to serve as entry stones.

Between tiles, you can directly cut the tiles to make the transition.

Common stone materials include marble and granite.

The standard size of the door stone is 800mm*150mm. The price of marble is about 70~100 yuan, and the price of granite is about 30~50 yuan.

When it comes to color, it would be great if you have entry stones that are a similar color to the adjacent floor tiles. You can also choose a color close to the door frame.

construction

There are many kinds of buckle materials, including copper, stainless steel, plastic steel, aluminum alloy, solid wood, PVC...

There are many kinds of buckle shapes, including U-shaped, L-shaped, flat, and different heights...

In places where there is a difference in height, such as at the door of the kitchen or dining room, you can use buckles specifically designed to transition the height difference.

It is best to choose solid wood buckles or copper buckles that are the same or close to the color of the floor, which will look much more beautiful.

The copper strip looks more delicate than the buckle strip. It is inserted in the middle of the seam and the copper strips are flush with the ground on both sides, which is very beautiful.

Copper strips can also be used in bathrooms, but they are not as waterproof as door stones, so they can only be used at bathroom doorways that separate dry and wet areas. This kind of copper strip is generally L-shaped. After installation, it is 0.5~1cm higher than the bathroom floor tiles to prevent water from overflowing.

There will be gaps between the floor tiles and the copper strips. The floor tile joints need to be filled with caulking agent, and the floor joints need to be filled with glass glue.

Or use a Z-shaped copper strip to block the floor seam on one side, eliminating the need for glass glue.

In the same way as the buckle strips, if you choose to use ceramic tiles for transition, it is best to choose the same color and style as the adjacent floor tiles.

Generally, a part of the large-sized floor tiles is cut to make a door stone, which is smooth and flat and looks better. If you want to be more creative, there are also flower tiles and mosaic tiles.

It may be a good choice to choose a stepping stone with a similar color to the ground.

The price of the stepping stone is nothing too fancy. The general price is about 20 to 100 yuan, 850mm long, 150mm wide. Even if you use door stones, it will cost about 500 to 600 yuan.

As mentioned above, the door stone installed in the bathroom is generally a little higher than the ground, which can block water. However, the height should not be too high, otherwise the stepping stone will become a stumbling block, which will be bad.

Usually 3-5mm higher than the bathroom tiles, it is already very suitable.

The corners of the door stone should also be chamfered.

Finally, the leveling of the crossing stone cannot be ignored.

After installation, you can also put a layer of glue around the door stone to make it more waterproof~

Decoration process

Explanation of decoration terms

Renovation suggestions

Problems with wall & floor renovation of second-hand houses

circuit

Familiar board brands

Formaldehyde release

wall-mounted system

thin paste method

Drainage slope

Wall leveling

sink

shower room

wall covering

baseboard

Sliding doors

interior window

Central air conditioning

Common sense about lamps

TV cabinet

modern style

Mattress

House renovation