MindMap Gallery Basic microbial culture technology
The knowledge points have been summarized and organized, and they can be directly focused on the key points. They can be used as study notes and review materials. I hope they can help high school students in biology♡ Students in need can collect it.
Edited at 2025-03-07 12:28:03Rumi: 10 dimensions of spiritual awakening. When you stop looking for yourself, you will find the entire universe because what you are looking for is also looking for you. Anything you do persevere every day can open a door to the depths of your spirit. In silence, I slipped into the secret realm, and I enjoyed everything to observe the magic around me, and didn't make any noise. Why do you like to crawl when you are born with wings? The soul has its own ears and can hear things that the mind cannot understand. Seek inward for the answer to everything, everything in the universe is in you. Lovers do not end up meeting somewhere, and there is no parting in this world. A wound is where light enters your heart.
Chronic heart failure is not just a problem of the speed of heart rate! It is caused by the decrease in myocardial contraction and diastolic function, which leads to insufficient cardiac output, which in turn causes congestion in the pulmonary circulation and congestion in the systemic circulation. From causes, inducement to compensation mechanisms, the pathophysiological processes of heart failure are complex and diverse. By controlling edema, reducing the heart's front and afterload, improving cardiac comfort function, and preventing and treating basic causes, we can effectively respond to this challenge. Only by understanding the mechanisms and clinical manifestations of heart failure and mastering prevention and treatment strategies can we better protect heart health.
Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a phenomenon that cellular function and metabolic disorders and structural damage will worsen after organs or tissues restore blood supply. Its main mechanisms include increased free radical generation, calcium overload, and the role of microvascular and leukocytes. The heart and brain are common damaged organs, manifested as changes in myocardial metabolism and ultrastructural changes, decreased cardiac function, etc. Prevention and control measures include removing free radicals, reducing calcium overload, improving metabolism and controlling reperfusion conditions, such as low sodium, low temperature, low pressure, etc. Understanding these mechanisms can help develop effective treatment options and alleviate ischemic injury.
Rumi: 10 dimensions of spiritual awakening. When you stop looking for yourself, you will find the entire universe because what you are looking for is also looking for you. Anything you do persevere every day can open a door to the depths of your spirit. In silence, I slipped into the secret realm, and I enjoyed everything to observe the magic around me, and didn't make any noise. Why do you like to crawl when you are born with wings? The soul has its own ears and can hear things that the mind cannot understand. Seek inward for the answer to everything, everything in the universe is in you. Lovers do not end up meeting somewhere, and there is no parting in this world. A wound is where light enters your heart.
Chronic heart failure is not just a problem of the speed of heart rate! It is caused by the decrease in myocardial contraction and diastolic function, which leads to insufficient cardiac output, which in turn causes congestion in the pulmonary circulation and congestion in the systemic circulation. From causes, inducement to compensation mechanisms, the pathophysiological processes of heart failure are complex and diverse. By controlling edema, reducing the heart's front and afterload, improving cardiac comfort function, and preventing and treating basic causes, we can effectively respond to this challenge. Only by understanding the mechanisms and clinical manifestations of heart failure and mastering prevention and treatment strategies can we better protect heart health.
Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a phenomenon that cellular function and metabolic disorders and structural damage will worsen after organs or tissues restore blood supply. Its main mechanisms include increased free radical generation, calcium overload, and the role of microvascular and leukocytes. The heart and brain are common damaged organs, manifested as changes in myocardial metabolism and ultrastructural changes, decreased cardiac function, etc. Prevention and control measures include removing free radicals, reducing calcium overload, improving metabolism and controlling reperfusion conditions, such as low sodium, low temperature, low pressure, etc. Understanding these mechanisms can help develop effective treatment options and alleviate ischemic injury.
Basic microbial culture technology
Culture medium
type
Solid medium (containing coagulation agent, such as agar)
Identify, count, separate, save
Semi-solid culture medium
Observe movement, classify identification
Liquid culture medium (without coagulant)
Expand training, industrial production
Function: Culture, isolate, identify, preserve microorganisms or accumulate Its metabolites
Nutrition
Carbon source
Constituting cellular substances and metabolites → Self-raising
Organic carbon sources are energy sources (such as glucose) → heterotrophic
Nitrogen source
Formation of nitrogen-containing substances
Inorganic nitrogen sources can also provide energy
water
Inorganic salt
Other requirements
Lactobacillus: Vitamin
Mold: acidic environment
Bacteria: neutral or weakly alkaline environment
Anaerobic microorganisms: anaerobic conditions
Special nutrients: growth factors (traces of organic matter)
Source: Yeast paste, peptone, etc.
Sterile technology
disinfect
method
Boiling disinfection method
Pasteurization method: no more than 100℃, used for milk, alcohol, Soy sauce, etc.
Advantages: While achieving disinfection purposes, less nutritional loss
Chemical drug disinfection method: wipe your hands with alcohol and chlorine disinfectant source
The best alcohol volume fraction is 70%
High concentration, proteins on the surface of the bacteria solidify to form a protective film, and alcohol cannot penetrate it
Low concentration, weak sterilization
UV disinfection method: vaccination room, vaccination table, etc.
Spores (dormant bodies) and spores (propagation bodies) cannot be eliminated generally
Sterilization
method
Humid heat sterilization: autoclave steam sterilization (for culture medium)
Dry heat sterilization: glassware, metal utensils, etc.
Burning and sterilization: burn with a full combustion layer of flame (external flame) (For metal tools)
Spores and spores can be eliminated
Other functions: prevent the operator from being contaminated by microorganisms
Pure culture
Pure culture: a group of microbial organisms obtained by propagation of a single body body
Steps: Configure the culture medium → (adjust pH) → sterilize → inoculation →isolation →culture
△Experiment: Pure culture of yeast
Dispersed method
Flat scribing method
Dilution coating plate method
Principle: Microbiota—— (isolation or dilution) → single fine Cells—(reproduction)→single colonies
When pouring the plate, cool the medium to about 50°C.
Too high temperature, easy to burn
The temperature is too low and the medium is easy to solidify
▲Anti-mixed bacterial contamination
Burn the inoculation ring before each marking
Disinfect hands
The bottle mouth passes through the flame
A slit of the petri dish
Operate near the flame of alcohol light
Petri dish inverted
Prevent condensate water droplets from the screw cap from falling into the culture medium and causing contamination
Avoid evaporation of water in the culture medium too quickly
From the end of the first scribe Second marking: The number of end microorganisms is relatively large Many, easy to disperse
Burn before every marking: make sure the ring is on the next marking The strains are directly derived from the last time The end of the line
Burn after finishing the marking: Kill the remaining bacteria and avoid contamination Environment and infection operators