MindMap Gallery Principles of Economics (Micro Macro)
This is a mind map about the principles of economics (micro and macro). The main content includes microeconomics and macroeconomics.
Edited at 2022-10-29 16:36:57This is a panoramic infographic—currently sweeping across the web—illustrating the comprehensive applications of OpenClaw, a popular open-source AI agent platform. It systematically introduces this intelligent agent framework—affectionately dubbed "Lobster Farming"—helping readers quickly grasp its core value, technical features, application scenarios, and security protocols. It serves as an excellent introductory guide and practical manual.
這是一張最近風靡全網關於熱門開源AI代理平台OpenClaw的全網應用全景圖解。它系統性地介紹了這款被稱為「養龍蝦」的智慧體框架,幫助讀者快速理解其核心價值、技術特性、應用場景及安全規範,是一份極佳的入門指南與實操手冊。此圖主要針對希望利用AI建構自動化工作流程的技術從業人員、中小企業主及效率追求者,透過9大模組層層遞進,全面剖析了OpenClaw從概念到落地的整個過程。 圖中核心內容首先釐清了「養龍蝦」指涉的是OpenClawd開源智能體,並強調其本質是「AI基建」而非一般聊天機器人。隨後詳細比較其與傳統AI助理的區別,擁有記憶管理、權限控制、會話隔離和異常恢復四大基礎能力,支援跨平台存取和多模型相容(如GPT、Claude、Ollama)。同時,圖解提供了完整的部署方案(雲端/本地/Docker),並列舉了辦公室自動化、內容創作、資料收集等五大應用程式場景。此外,還展示了其火爆程度、政府與大廠佈局、安全部署建議及適合/不適合的人群分類。幫助你快速掌握OpenClaw技術架構與應用價值,指導個人或企業建構AI自動化系統,規避資料外洩與權限失控風險,是學習「執行式AI」轉型的權威參考圖譜。
本圖由萬興腦圖繪製,是針對IT研發崗位的結構化個人履歷模板,完整涵蓋求職核心資訊模組。基本資訊區包含姓名、電話、信箱、求職意願及GitHub連結;專業概要要求以2-3句提煉核心優勢;工作經驗以「公司A高級Java開發工程師」為例,以「透過(行動),達成(量化成果)」格式呈現微服務架構設計、系統效能優化、團隊技術規範制定等職責,公司B經歷則聚焦功能模組開發與Elasticsearch搜尋優化;技能專長分程式語言、後端框架、中介軟體、資料庫、容器雲等維度,清楚展示技術堆疊;專案成果以「電商平台秒殺系統」為例,說明技術棧、架構設計、個人貢獻(Redis Lua庫存原子扣減)及KPI;教育背景包含一流大學電腦專業學歷,以及AWS認證解決方案架構師、軟考中級軟體設計師證書。模板邏輯嚴謹,涵蓋IT研發求職全流程關鍵訊息,幫助求職者清晰、量化展示專業能力。
This is a panoramic infographic—currently sweeping across the web—illustrating the comprehensive applications of OpenClaw, a popular open-source AI agent platform. It systematically introduces this intelligent agent framework—affectionately dubbed "Lobster Farming"—helping readers quickly grasp its core value, technical features, application scenarios, and security protocols. It serves as an excellent introductory guide and practical manual.
這是一張最近風靡全網關於熱門開源AI代理平台OpenClaw的全網應用全景圖解。它系統性地介紹了這款被稱為「養龍蝦」的智慧體框架,幫助讀者快速理解其核心價值、技術特性、應用場景及安全規範,是一份極佳的入門指南與實操手冊。此圖主要針對希望利用AI建構自動化工作流程的技術從業人員、中小企業主及效率追求者,透過9大模組層層遞進,全面剖析了OpenClaw從概念到落地的整個過程。 圖中核心內容首先釐清了「養龍蝦」指涉的是OpenClawd開源智能體,並強調其本質是「AI基建」而非一般聊天機器人。隨後詳細比較其與傳統AI助理的區別,擁有記憶管理、權限控制、會話隔離和異常恢復四大基礎能力,支援跨平台存取和多模型相容(如GPT、Claude、Ollama)。同時,圖解提供了完整的部署方案(雲端/本地/Docker),並列舉了辦公室自動化、內容創作、資料收集等五大應用程式場景。此外,還展示了其火爆程度、政府與大廠佈局、安全部署建議及適合/不適合的人群分類。幫助你快速掌握OpenClaw技術架構與應用價值,指導個人或企業建構AI自動化系統,規避資料外洩與權限失控風險,是學習「執行式AI」轉型的權威參考圖譜。
本圖由萬興腦圖繪製,是針對IT研發崗位的結構化個人履歷模板,完整涵蓋求職核心資訊模組。基本資訊區包含姓名、電話、信箱、求職意願及GitHub連結;專業概要要求以2-3句提煉核心優勢;工作經驗以「公司A高級Java開發工程師」為例,以「透過(行動),達成(量化成果)」格式呈現微服務架構設計、系統效能優化、團隊技術規範制定等職責,公司B經歷則聚焦功能模組開發與Elasticsearch搜尋優化;技能專長分程式語言、後端框架、中介軟體、資料庫、容器雲等維度,清楚展示技術堆疊;專案成果以「電商平台秒殺系統」為例,說明技術棧、架構設計、個人貢獻(Redis Lua庫存原子扣減)及KPI;教育背景包含一流大學電腦專業學歷,以及AWS認證解決方案架構師、軟考中級軟體設計師證書。模板邏輯嚴謹,涵蓋IT研發求職全流程關鍵訊息,幫助求職者清晰、量化展示專業能力。
Principles of Economics (Mankiw)
Microeconomics
capital
discounted value
PDV=FV/(1 r)^t
supply of capital
rate of return
interest rate
family savings funds
Habit
cultural form
employer
capital needs
corporate financing
Retained earnings (profit)
The main source of funds for actual investment in long-established businesses
Want to borrow money from the bank
Borrow money from individuals or organizations, such as funds or investment companies
denomination
interest rate
the term
Bankruptcy or receivership risk
securities
company stock
personal wealth accumulation
personal investment
rate of return
compound interest
long term planning
risk
Diversification and diversification
tax burden
fluidity
Convert investments into cash
real estate
financial investment
stock
bonds
Bank Account
Malkiel sleep restlessness scale
sleep peacefully
Bank Account
Monetary Fund
certificate of deposit
occasional nightmare
Diversified Payroll Bond Portfolio
Determine the rate of return in advance
Inflation and market interest rates
Tossing and turning
Blue Chip Stock Portfolio
Well-known company stocks
Better than bond portfolio returns
tax saving
Nightmares again and again
real estate investment
Long-term, ten-year period, relatively low risk
Short-term, monthly or yearly unit, relatively high risk
Definitely insomnia
precious metal investment
Volatile fluctuations
Stable savings and the sooner you save money, the better
monopoly
Businessman seeking profit
High-volume, low-cost innovative products
Price gouging, quality issues, contamination, fraud
enterprise
sole proprietorship
partnership
company
competition type
perfect competition
Price reflects production costs
Monopolistic Competition
High short-term profits
oligopolistic competition
Have most or all of the turnover in a specific market
monopoly
patent
law
National economy and people's livelihood industries
natural monopoly
Antitrust
Herfindahl-Hirsch Index (HHI)
The lower the index, the higher the market competition.
merger
restricted business administration
cartel
exclusive deal
Bundle sales
predatory pricing
labor force
Output determines income
differential treatment
Influencing factors
culture
economic systems
Skill
experience
Supply and demand
Labor remuneration (experience labor value)
Employees: Preferred Benefits
Employer: equilibrium wage = total cost of compensation
union
Increase workforce productivity
Raise union wages
minimum treatment
Minimum wage 20%, wages for low-skilled workers -40%
alternative plan
skills training program
Subsidizing employers who hire low-skilled workers
Direct tax cuts or subsidies for low-skilled workers
High degree of division of labor
Warehouse Management Economics
commodity
substitution effect and income effect
Demand and quantity demanded
Demand: the relationship between price and quantity demanded, [curve]
Quantity demanded: the relationship between a specific price and a specific quantity, [point]
supply and quantity supplied
Supply: the relationship between price and quantity supplied, [curve]
Supply quantity: the relationship between a specific price and a specific quantity, [point]
demand fluctuations equilibrium point Affect supply
technology, factor prices
price controls
price ceiling
Supply exceeds demand
price floor
oversupply
PS: Soviet Union
shortage of supplies
black market
overproduction
cover costs
budget cost
opportunity cost
elasticity
Elasticity of demand: percentage change in quantity demanded / percentage change in price
<1. Demand is inelastic
Increased production costs are passed on to consumers
=1. Single demand elasticity
>1. Demand is elastic
easily replaceable
Costs can only be passed on to consumers to a small extent
Elasticity of supply: percentage change in quantity supplied / percentage change in price
<1. Supply is inelastic
=1. Single supply elasticity
>1. Supply is elastic
short term
Demand and supply are inelastic
Prices skyrocketed
long
Demand and supply are elastic
prices become stable
macroeconomics
macroeconomic policy
Target
Economic Growth
Full employment
price stability
Balance of Payments
Architecture
Aggregate supply and aggregate demand model
Main tools
Fiscal policy
government taxes and spending
Government budget and budget deficit
Ricardian Equivalence Theorem
crowding out effect
crowding in effect
Social Welfare
voluntary financial policy
real time reaction
balanced financial policy
Too late
increase trade surplus
Monetary Policy
central bank policy
quasi-principal rate
rediscount rate
open market operations
Buy and sell bonds
Bonds are not money
Quantitative easing
Central bank loans to financial market investors
central bank purchases long-term bonds
GDP
GDP=consumption investment government expenditure export-import
GDP per capita
Automatically adjust for population differences in different countries and at different times
Societies with higher GDP per capita
luxury accessories
medical education
living environment
Real CDP
GDP inflation
economic recession
GDP decline continues for more than six months
cyclical unemployment
potential GDP
full employment GDP
cyclical unemployment rate=0
Three major drivers of productivity
Increase in physical capital
Increase in human capital
Technology upgrading
inflation
Changes in the average price level
alternatives
new technology
CPI
inflation measure
hyperinflation
Definition: Inflation rate exceeds 20% in a month
example
20th Century
1920s
Germany
80's
Argentina
Israel
Bolivia
21st century
Zimbabwe
deflation
Definition: Negative inflation rate
Real interest rate = nominal interest rate - inflation rate
Banks are unable and unwilling to take on new loans
Macroeconomic demand decline, economic recession
Monetary policy is difficult to operate
trade surplus
Essence: lending money to foreign countries
current account balance
Definition: A single statistical value that describes the most comprehensive outline of a country's trade balance
Commodity trading
international services
International Investment
unilateral transfer
such as foreign aid
trade deficit
When money flows overseas and does not come back in the form of goods or services, it means it flows back into the country in the form of financial investment.
Trade protectionism
National Savings and Investment Identity
The total supply of financial capital must equal the total demand for financial capital
financial capital supply
primary source
Domestic funds savings
inflow of foreign funds
financial capital needs
Investment demand for domestic physical capital
government borrowing
aggregate supply and aggregate demand
Say's law
Supply creates its own demand
neoclassical economist
BUG: Recession
Keynes's Law
Demand creates its own supply
BUG: Social production is restricted by the quantity of labor, physical capital, available technology, and the market structure and economic system that combines these production factors.
Aggregate demand passive factors
Investment is influenced by “animal instinct”
consumer sentiment
Wage rigidity and price rigidity lead to surplus and unemployment
The economy is unstable both at the beginning and towards the end of another recession
Support the government’s proactive macroeconomic policies
Look at demand in the short term and supply in the long term
Phillips Curve
Popular in the United States in the 1950s and 1960s
Reflects the trade-off between inflation rate and unemployment rate
Failure in the United States from the 1970s to the 1990s
Inflation and unemployment almost reached double digits in the 1970s
In the 1980s, both declined simultaneously
In the 1990s, both were lower than those in the 1980s
currency
Function definition
medium of exchange
value savings
unit of account
government statistician definition
M1
Currency (coins, banknotes), travelers checks and personal checking accounts
Currency accounts for about half
M2
M1 Savings Account (Bank Current Deposit)
Currency accounts for about 1/10
money market funds
Safe investments (treasury bonds, currency funds, etc.)
Small time deposit
Economic Globalization
protectionism
import quota
tariff
Industrial subsidies
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1947
World Trade Organization 1955
Foreign exchange market
exchange rate
Purchasing Power Evaluation Exchange Rate (PPP Exchange Rate)
control exchange rate
contractionary monetary policy
Buy and sell local currency directly
fixed exchange rate
Balance of payments imbalances and financial stress
Floating exchange rate
Too strong: Huge trade deficit
Too weak: large trade surplus
Foam