This is a mind map about English linguistics, including definitions, phrase categories, clause categories, component structure grammar, etc. Hope it helps everyone.
The study of rules that governs the way in which words are combined to form phrases, clauses, and sentences, or the study of interrelationships between elements in sentences structures.
Word classes
Nouns-N
Adjectives-A
Verbs-V
Adverbs-Adv
Prepositions-P
Pronouns -Pron
Conjunctions-Conj
Determiners-Det
Infection-I
Complementizer-C
Phrase classes
Noun Phrase-NP
Verb Phrase-VP
Adjective Phrase-AP
Adverb Phrase-AdvP
Prepositional Phrase-PP
Inflectional Phrase-IP
Complementizer Phrase-CP
Clauses classes
Coordinate clauses
Subordinate clauses
Infinite clauses
Non-infinite clauses
Sentence classes
Grammatical
Ungrammatical
Two Approaches
The Descriptive Approach
descriptive research
To describe what people actually say.
(what is in the language)
Structuralist Linguistics
(Early 20C-Middle 20C)
Functionalist Linguistics
(20C70s-Today)
Formalist Linguistics
(1957-Today)
The Prescriptive Approach
Prescriptive yanjq
To lay down rules on how to use a language
(what should be in the language)