MindMap Gallery connective tissue
This is a mind map about connective tissue that summarizes general characteristics, Classification, loose connective tissue, Dense connective tissue, adipose tissue, Reticular tissue, etc.
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connective tissue
General characteristics
(1) Few cells, many types; more intercellular substance
(2) Scattered release, non-polar
(3) Generally there are blood vessels
(4) Has the functions of connection, support, nutrition, protection, defense and repair
(5) All originate from the mesenchyme in the embryonic stage
Classification
broad sense
intrinsic connective tissue
loose connective tissue
dense connective tissue
Adipose tissue
reticular tissue
cartilage and bone
blood
Narrow sense - intrinsic connective tissue
loose connective tissue
Structural characteristics: many types of cells, more matrix, less fibers, and sparse arrangement
cells (7)
Fibroblasts
Flat, multi-projected: large nucleus, light staining, weak basophilic; RER, GC, ribosome; Can produce fiber and matrix
Macrophages
Functionally active and polydactyly shaped; Polyeosinophilic Lysosomes, phagosomes, engulfing vesicles; microfilaments, microtubules, pseudopods; It has the functions of phagocytosis, antigen presentation (participating in immune response) and secretion; chemotactic directional movement derived from monocytes
Plasma cell
Round or oval, nuclei deviated to one side; chromatin radiated, shaped like a wheel; basophilic RER, GC, free ribosomes, centrosomes Derived from B lymphocytes, can produce antibodies, humoral immunity
Mast cells
Round or oval, round and small nucleus; metachromatic basophilic granules, which can be stained purple by aldehyde-fuchsin, allergic reaction
fat cells
LM: The body is large, round or polygonal, the nucleus is oblate and tilted to one side, and the cytoplasm contains large lipid droplets. Function: Synthesize and store fat, participate in energy metabolism
Undifferentiated mesenchymal cells—stem cells
Distribution: around small blood vessels Shape: Like fiber cells, small, spindle-shaped Function: Multi-directional differentiation potential, can proliferate and differentiate into fibroblasts, endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, etc.
leukocyte
Derived from blood, including neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes Function: immune defense
fiber
Collagen fiber (white fiber)
Most; acidophilic, wavy, varying thicknesses There are periodic horizontal stripes (EM) Type I collagen
Elastic fiber (yellow fiber)
Aldehyde fuchsin stains purple Type I collagen Core: elastin; Periphery: microfibrils
mesh fiber
Silver nitrate dyes it black, also called silver-eating fiber periodic stripes type III collagen
matrix
Proteoglycan
protein
Polysaccharide: hyaluronic acid, sulfated
Molecular sieve-storage moisture, defense barrier
glycoprotein
Fibronectin (FN), laminin (LN), cartilage nectin, etc.
tissue fluid
fluid that leaks from the arterial end of a capillary into the stroma material exchange
Proteoglycans
dense connective tissue
Features
The fibers are mostly thick and tightly arranged; there are few cells and matrix components; they support, connect, and protect.
regular dense connective tissue
Tendon or aponeurosis
Irregular dense connective tissue
Dermis, membrane of organs
elastic tissue
Mainly elastic fiber
Adipose tissue
Features
Made up of large amounts of fat cells
yellow adipose tissue
Single vesicle, nucleus deviated to one side Subcutaneous, omentum, etc. Energy storage, protection, support
brown adipose tissue
Multiple vesicles, central core Newborn's shoulder blade area, armpit, etc. Produce a lot of heat
reticular tissue
Composed of reticular cells (multiple processes, reticular fibers and matrix Distributed in hematopoietic organs and lymphoid organs)
Collagen is secreted by fibroblasts
The granules are mainly histamine and can also secrete leukotrienes Histamine and leukotrienes can contract bronchial smooth muscle, dilate venules and capillaries, and increase permeability
fiber cells
mesenchymal cells
Structure: Large, star-shaped, with grooves connecting the processes, large nuclei, light staining, obvious nucleoli, weakly basophilic cytoplasm, amorphous matrix
Function: Differentiates into a variety of connective tissue cells, muscle cells, blood cells and endothelial cells during the embryonic period