MindMap Gallery Chapter 4_Cartilage and Bone
The key contents of the Histome_Cartilage and Bone chapter summarizes the compact bone, Cancellous bone, hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, Fibrocartilage etc.
Edited at 2024-01-24 08:30:32This is a flowchart illustrating the process of archiving monthly failure analysis reports and tracking the implementation of improvement measures. The diagram is structured into five main steps, each with specific tasks and sub-tasks.Monthly Report Collection & Organization: This step involves collecting failure analysis reports from various departments, reviewing them for completeness, and categorizing them by product, failure mode, and severity. Root Cause Analysis & Statistics: Here, the focus is on categorizing causes, analyzing trends, identifying root causes, and compiling statistics on high-frequency failure modes and key components. Improvement Measure Formulation & Assignment: This step includes formulating improvement measures, assigning responsibilities, and setting timelines for implementation.Measure Implementation Tracking & Verification: It involves tracking the progress of implementation, verifying effectiveness, and confirming issue closure.Knowledge Base Update & Monthly Report Output: The final step covers archiving reports, updating the knowledge base, and compiling monthly summaries.This template can be easily reused and adapted using tools like EdrawMind to suit different organizational needs.
This is a timeline infographic detailing the annual product certification acquisition countdown process, structured into four sequential phases. The first phase, Certification Planning & Initiation, encompasses goal setting, timeline planning, resource preparation, defining specific certification objectives such as CCC/CE/FCC, formulating an annual plan with key milestones, and allocating necessary budget, personnel, and sample resources. Following this, the Application & Testing Phase involves material submission, coordination with certification agencies, core testing procedures, preparation of technical documents, application forms, and samples, selection of the appropriate certification agency, and execution of critical safety, EMC, and RF tests. The subsequent Rectification & Acquisition Phase focuses on addressing and rectifying any identified issues, re-verification processes, acquisition of the certificate, analysis of test issues, implementation of necessary fixes, and modification of samples for supplemental testing. Finally, the Countdown Monitoring phase emphasizes tracking progress, managing risks, monitoring remaining days and key milestones, managing time, technical, and cost risks, and maintaining effective internal and external communication throughout the process. This comprehensive template can be readily reused and adapted using tools like EdrawMind to meet diverse organizational requirements.
This is a flowchart detailing the weekly update and review plan for technical documents. The process is divided into six main stages, each with specific tasks and responsibilities. It begins with Weekly Planning, where the document scope is defined, update objectives are set, and schedules are arranged. Next, Document Updates involve maintaining various documents such as hardware design documents, test specifications, and BOM tables, alongside version control and archiving. Internal Review Preparation follows, focusing on compiling review materials, identifying participants, and setting agendas. The Review Meeting stage includes document examination, problem discussion, decision recording, and responsibility allocation. After the meeting, Review Feedback Processing takes place, involving issue tracking, document modification, quality checks, and closure verification. Finally, Output Deliverables are prepared, including official release versions, release notifications, review reports, and plans for the next week. This structured approach ensures systematic and efficient management of technical documents, and the template can be easily adapted using tools like EdrawMind.
This is a flowchart illustrating the process of archiving monthly failure analysis reports and tracking the implementation of improvement measures. The diagram is structured into five main steps, each with specific tasks and sub-tasks.Monthly Report Collection & Organization: This step involves collecting failure analysis reports from various departments, reviewing them for completeness, and categorizing them by product, failure mode, and severity. Root Cause Analysis & Statistics: Here, the focus is on categorizing causes, analyzing trends, identifying root causes, and compiling statistics on high-frequency failure modes and key components. Improvement Measure Formulation & Assignment: This step includes formulating improvement measures, assigning responsibilities, and setting timelines for implementation.Measure Implementation Tracking & Verification: It involves tracking the progress of implementation, verifying effectiveness, and confirming issue closure.Knowledge Base Update & Monthly Report Output: The final step covers archiving reports, updating the knowledge base, and compiling monthly summaries.This template can be easily reused and adapted using tools like EdrawMind to suit different organizational needs.
This is a timeline infographic detailing the annual product certification acquisition countdown process, structured into four sequential phases. The first phase, Certification Planning & Initiation, encompasses goal setting, timeline planning, resource preparation, defining specific certification objectives such as CCC/CE/FCC, formulating an annual plan with key milestones, and allocating necessary budget, personnel, and sample resources. Following this, the Application & Testing Phase involves material submission, coordination with certification agencies, core testing procedures, preparation of technical documents, application forms, and samples, selection of the appropriate certification agency, and execution of critical safety, EMC, and RF tests. The subsequent Rectification & Acquisition Phase focuses on addressing and rectifying any identified issues, re-verification processes, acquisition of the certificate, analysis of test issues, implementation of necessary fixes, and modification of samples for supplemental testing. Finally, the Countdown Monitoring phase emphasizes tracking progress, managing risks, monitoring remaining days and key milestones, managing time, technical, and cost risks, and maintaining effective internal and external communication throughout the process. This comprehensive template can be readily reused and adapted using tools like EdrawMind to meet diverse organizational requirements.
This is a flowchart detailing the weekly update and review plan for technical documents. The process is divided into six main stages, each with specific tasks and responsibilities. It begins with Weekly Planning, where the document scope is defined, update objectives are set, and schedules are arranged. Next, Document Updates involve maintaining various documents such as hardware design documents, test specifications, and BOM tables, alongside version control and archiving. Internal Review Preparation follows, focusing on compiling review materials, identifying participants, and setting agendas. The Review Meeting stage includes document examination, problem discussion, decision recording, and responsibility allocation. After the meeting, Review Feedback Processing takes place, involving issue tracking, document modification, quality checks, and closure verification. Finally, Output Deliverables are prepared, including official release versions, release notifications, review reports, and plans for the next week. This structured approach ensures systematic and efficient management of technical documents, and the template can be easily adapted using tools like EdrawMind.
cartilage and bone
cartilage
structure
cartilage tissue
Chondrocytes
Homologous cell group: a group of cells derived from the division and proliferation of immature cartilage cells.
cartilage matrix
The small cavities within the cartilage matrix are called cartilage lacunae, and chondrocytes are located in these lacunae.
The thin layer of cartilage matrix surrounding chondrocytes is called the pericellular matrix (PCM) or cartilage capsule.
perichondrium
(1) Hyaline cartilage
Distribution: adult costal cartilage, articular cartilage, respiratory tract wall cartilage The temporary skeleton of the early embryo is also hyaline cartilage
cartilage tissue
No blood vessels, lymph, nerves
Cartilage matrix: collagen fibrils (type 2 collagen) and amorphous matrix (containing 3 types of glycosaminoglycans: polyhyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate and keratan sulfate, as well as a variety of glycoproteins)
Chondrocytes: rich rough endoplasmic reticulum and well-developed Golgi apparatus. Under the electron microscope, many protrusions and wrinkles can be seen on the surface. There are many glycogen and lipid droplets. They mainly obtain energy through glycolysis.
perichondrium
Except for articular cartilage and retroosseous cartilage, hyaline cartilage is surrounded by a thin layer of dense connective tissue called perichondrium.
Outer layer: dense collagen fibers, protective effect Inner layer: chondroblasts, which can proliferate and differentiate into chondrocytes
articular cartilage
The surface is smooth, with synovial fluid attached, and is elastic, which can reduce friction during joint movement. Osteoarthritis: Decreased type 2 collagen, proteoglycans, and water in articular cartilage, while increased matrix metalloproteinases
(2) Elastic cartilage
Distribution: auricle, external auditory canal, Eustachian tube, epiglottis, etc.
The structure is similar to hyaline cartilage. The main feature is that the cartilage matrix contains a large number of elastic fibers intertwined into a network and less collagen fibrils. Therefore, elastic cartilage is opaque yellow when fresh and has strong elasticity.
(3) Fibrocartilage
Distribution: Intervertebral discs, articular discs, pubic symphysis, and parts where certain tendons and ligaments attach to bones, etc.
It is milky white when fresh, and generally has no perichondrium. The chemical composition of the collagen fiber bundles arranged in parallel or intertwined in the matrix is type 1 collagen, and also contains varying amounts of type 2 collagen. It has strong stretchability, absorbs oscillations, is resistant to pressure, and has toughness. good
(4) The occurrence, growth and regeneration of cartilage
mesoderm→mesenchyme→cartilage perichondrium
bone
(1) Bone tissue
tubes with blood vessels running through them
Bone matrix (calcification, mineralization)
Organic matter: a large amount of collagen fibers (type 1 collagen) and a small amount of amorphous matrix, containing macromolecular proteoglycans and various glycoproteins
Inorganic matter: bone salts (calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, etc.), mainly in the form of hydroxyapatite crystals
In the bone matrix of lamellar bone, collagen fibers are thin, regularly arranged in layers, and closely combined with bone salt crystals and matrix to form bone plates. The fibers of two adjacent bone plates are perpendicular to each other.
bone cells
Osteoprogenitor cells: differentiated from mesenchymal cells, actively divide and differentiate into osteoblasts when bone tissue grows and remodels or when fractures heal.
Osteoblasts: Active secretion function, synthesize and secrete collagen fibers and organic matrix, form unmineralized extracellular matrix called osteoid, also secrete some growth factors and cytokines, regulate bone formation, absorption, metabolism
Osteocytes (embedded in the bone matrix, others located on the surface of the bone tissue): individually dispersed between or within the bone plates, gap junctions, have osteogenesis and osteolysis, play an important role in Ca2 balance, and are sensitive to growth hormone
bone covering cells
Osteoclasts: located in resorption pits, multinucleated eosinophils, microfilaments, ruffled edges, lysosomes, capable of dissolving and absorbing bone matrix, participating in bone reconstruction and maintaining blood calcium balance, sensitive to calcitonin and parathyroid hormone
(2) Periosteum
(3) Bone marrow
long bone
(1) Compact bone
Also known as bone compaction, it is distributed in the backbone and back bone of long bones. Backbone: inner and outer ring bone plates
Arrangement
ring bone plate
Outer ring bone plate, thicker and smooth
Inner ring bone plate, thin and rough
The perforating canal (and the longitudinally running central canal, both blood vessels and nerves channel, containing tissue fluid)
bone unit
Also known as the Haversian system, the main structural unit of dense bone, with a layer on the surface Adhesive substance is a bone matrix that contains more bone salts and less collagen fibers. The stronger refraction on the bone grinding film of the cross section is called the bonding line.
The bone canaliculi of bone units are interconnected, forming a pathway for the exchange of nutrients and gases between the vascular system and bone cells in the bone unit. They generally do not communicate with the bone canaliculi of adjacent bone units.
interosseous plate
Sector or irregular shape, no vascular channels
(2) Cancellous bone
Several layers of irregular bone plates form trabeculae, which are intertwined to form cancellous bone.
(3) Periosteum
In addition to the articular surface, there is an epiosseous membrane, and the inner surface has an endosteal membrane. The outer layer of the periosteal membrane is composed of collagen fiber bundles, and the inner layer has a loose structure with few fibers and contains osteoprogenitor cells, small blood vessels, nerves, etc.
Main function: protect and nourish bone tissue and provide new osteoblasts for bone growth or repair
Supports soft tissues, constitutes joints, participates in body movements, and protects certain important organs, etc. More than 99% of calcium and 85% of phosphorus in the body are stored in bone cells.
A chondrocyte or homologous cell population and its surrounding pericellular matrix Form a cartilaginous unit.