The cytoplasm is less blue and is ring-shaped, with large vacuoles in the middle.

The cell nucleus is red, located on one side of the insect body, like a ruby ​​on a ring.

Pseudopodia, large vacuoles

malaria pigment

Trophozoites filled with red blood cells

The insect body becomes round and the vacuoles disappear

The nucleus begins to divide, but the cytoplasm has not yet divided

Red blood cells become enlarged, pale in color, and irregular in shape

There are 12 to 24 merozoites, arranged irregularly

Worms occupy swollen red blood cells

malaria pigment concentrated in piles

The worms are larger and occupy the swollen red blood cells.

Cytoplasm dark blue dense

Small, dark red and dense nucleus

malaria pigment dispersion

Insects are smaller

Cytoplasm light blue

Large, light red and loose core

ring slender

1 to 2 cores (2 is common)

Red blood cells often contain more than two protozoa

The worms are often located at the edge of red blood cells and appear like a bird flying.

Generally does not appear in peripheral blood

malaria pigment concentrated into dark brown

Protozoa begin to concentrate in the visceral capillaries at this time

Small, dense cytoplasm

A large concentration of malaria pigment

The nucleus divides into multiple

There are 8 to 26 merozoites, arranged irregularly

Malaria pigment-concentrated parasites account for 2/3 to 3/4 of red blood cells

Crescent shape, two segments slightly pointed

The nucleus is dense and dark red in the center

Malaria pigment is dark brown, distributed around the nucleus

Sausage shape, blunt ends

Cytoplasmic blue with reddish color

The core is loose and light red in the center

extraerythrocytic phase

intraerythrocytic phase

The female Anopheles mosquito sucks the blood of the patient → the protozoa in each stage of the red blood cells enter the mosquito stomach, and only the female and male gametophytes can continue to develop.

The nucleus and cytoplasm in the oocyst divide repeatedly for spore multiplication, forming giant polysporozoites

Sporozoites emerge from the oocysts and enter the mosquito body tissue. Only those sporozoites that enter the mosquito's salivary glands are infectious.

Chills

fever

Sweating reduces fever

The attack cycle is consistent with the erythrozoite proliferation cycle - periodic

Two kinds of pyrogens stimulate the body temperature regulation center - fever

mixed infection

Decreased immunity

Plasmodium directly destroys red blood cells

Hypersplenism—phagocytosis of normal red blood cells by splenic macrophages

immune hemolysis

Bone marrow hematopoiesis is inhibited

cerebral malaria

acute renal failure

severe anemia

Hypoglycemia

Children in endemic areas and tourists without immunity

During an attack: check for annular bodies

Within 10 hours after onset

Concentration of insects

Deformed, difficult to identify

The structure is complete and clearly identifiable

Fewer bugs

Primaquine—kills liver-stage malaria parasites and dormant parasites

Chloroquine

Mefloquine—for treatment of chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria

Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine—Seasonal malarial chemoprophylaxis (women and children)

Take it 2 weeks before entering a malaria endemic area

Take once a week when staying in endemic areas

Leave endemic areas and continue taking it for 4 weeks

It is not advisable to take the medicine continuously for more than six months

Tachyzoites

bradyzoite

Adhesion, penetration, insect vacuole formation