Strictly intracellular parasitic bacteria like Mycobacterium leprae
It has an independent enzyme system, but cannot produce the energy required for metabolism. It needs to use host cell triphosphate and intermediate metabolites as energy sources → it can be inoculated with chicken embryo yolk sac for culture
livespan
Original body (EB)
small and dense
nucleoplasm and cell wall
Located outside the cell
Infectious, non-reproductive
DNA:RNA=1:1
Reticular body/primordial body (RB)
big and loose
No nucleoplasm and cell wall
located intracellularly
Non-infectious, fertile and strong in metabolism
DNA:RNA=1:3
Pathogenicity
Pathogenic substances
MOMP (outer membrane protein)
Related to adsorption invasion and preventing the binding of phagosomes and lysosomes
Easy to mutate and evade the body’s immune response
endotoxin-like substances
Directly destroy host cells
type III secretion system
Heat shock proteins and other superantigens
Immunity
Immunity is weak and short-lived (recurrent infections and invisible infections)
Cellular immunity mainly
Immunopathological damage (delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction) may occur
Classification
Chlamydia trachomatis
Tang Feifan isolated and cultured Chlamydia trachomatis for the first time
Types
trachoma biotype
reproductive biotype
Lymphogranuloma venereum biotype
Features
Inclusion bodies contain glycogen - iodine staining shows brown color and is used for identification.
Sensitive to sulfa
Pathogenicity
trachoma
way for spreading
eye-eye
eye-hand-eye
symptom
The surface of the palpebral conjunctiva develops a rough and uneven appearance, resembling grains of sand
Early symptoms are tearing, sticky secretions, and conjunctival congestion.
Advanced conjunctival scarring and corneal damage affecting vision